Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

has been decreed for him, then listens silently until the imam finishes his sermon, and then prays with him, will be forgiven his sins between that Friday and the next, with three additional days.” (1)

The hadith of Nubaysha al-Hudhalī states: “When a Muslim bathes on Friday and then comes to the mosque without harming anyone, if the imam has not yet come out, he prays as much as he wishes. If the imam has come out, he sits, listens attentively and remains silent until the imam finishes his Friday prayer and sermon. If all his sins are not forgiven on that Friday, it will at least serve as expiation until the following Friday.” (2)

Such was the practice of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them (3). Ibn al-Mundhir said (4): Reports have reached us that Ibn ‘Umar used to pray twelve units before Friday prayer, and that Ibn ‘Abbās used to pray eight units.

This demonstrates that their prayers were unrestricted voluntary prayers, which is why the number of units reported from them varied. Al-Tirmidhī said in al-Jāmi‘ (5): It is reported that Ibn Mas‘ūd used to pray four units before Friday prayer and four afterward. This was also the view adopted by Ibn al-Mubārak and al-Thawrī.

(1) Transmitted by Muslim (857/26). (2) Transmitted by Ahmad (20721). Its chain of transmission is interrupted between ‘Atā’ al-Khurāsānī and Nubaysha al-Hudhalī. It was cited previously (p. 477). (3) The invocation “may Allah be pleased with them” is supplied by Q, M, and Mb. (4) In al-Awsat (4/105) and al-Ishrāf (2/112). (5) Following no. 523. For the reports, see Musannaf ‘Abd al-Razzāq (5524, 5525) and al-Awsat by Ibn al-Mundhir (4/138–139).
قُدِّر له، ثم أنصَت حتى يفرغَ الإمام من خطبته، ثم يصلِّي معه= غُفِر له ما بينه وبين الجمعة الأخرى وفضلُ ثلاثة أيام» (١). وفي حديث نُبَيشة الهذلي: «إنَّ المسلم إذا اغتسل يوم الجمعة ثم أقبل إلى المسجد لا يؤذي أحدًا، فإن لم يجد الإمامَ خرَجَ صلّى ما بدا له، وإن وجد الإمام خرَج جلَس، واستمَع وأنصت حتى يقضي الإمام جمعته وكلامه= إن لم يُغفَر له في جمعته تلك ذنوبُه كلُّها أن تكون كفارةً للجمعة التي تليها» (٢). وهكذا كان هدي الصحابة ﵃ (٣). قال ابن المنذر (٤): رُوِّينا عن ابن عمر أنه كان يصلِّي قبل الجمعة اثنتي عشرة ركعةً. وعن ابن عباس أنه كان يصلِّي ثمان ركعات. وهذا دليل على أن ذلك منهم كان من باب التطوُّع المطلق، ولذلك اختلف العدد المرويّ عنهم في ذلك. وقال الترمذي في «الجامع» (٥): وروي عن ابن مسعود أنه كان يصلِّي قبل الجمعة أربعًا وبعدها أربعًا. وإليه ذهب ابن المبارك والثوري.
(١) أخرجه مسلم (٨٥٧/ ٢٦). (٢) أخرجه أحمد (٢٠٧٢١)، وهو منقطع بين عطاء الخراساني ونبيشة الهذلي، وقد تقدم (ص ٤٧٧). (٣) الترضي من ق، م، مب. (٤) في «الأوسط» (٤/ ١٠٥) و «الإشراف» (٢/ ١١٢). (٥) عقب (٥٢٣). وانظر للآثار: «مصنف عبد الرزاق» (٥٥٢٤، ٥٥٢٥) و «الأوسط» لابن المنذر (٤/ ١٣٨ - ١٣٩).

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