Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

When he delivered a sermon, his eyes would redden, his voice would rise, and his anger would intensify, as though he were warning of an approaching army, saying: “It will attack you in the morning! It will attack you in the evening!” He would say, “My being sent and the Hour are like these two,” bringing his index and middle fingers together. He would also say: “To proceed: the best speech is the Book of Allah, and the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad. The worst matters are newly introduced ones, and every innovation is misguidance” (1).

He never delivered a sermon without beginning it with praise of Allah. As for the assertion of many jurists that he began the sermon for rain by seeking forgiveness, and the Eid sermon by proclaiming Allah’s greatness, they have absolutely no Sunnah from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) to support it. The Sunnah indicates the contrary: that all sermons should begin with praise of Allah (2). This is one of the three positions held by Ahmad’s followers, and it was the position preferred by our teacher—may Allah sanctify his soul (3).

He delivered his sermons standing. Reports with incomplete chains of transmission from ‘Atā’ (4) and others relate that when he (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) ascended the pulpit, he would turn to face the people and then say: “Peace be upon you.” Al-Sha‘bī said (5): Abū Bakr and ‘Umar used to do this as well.

He would conclude his sermons by seeking forgiveness, and he frequently preached using the Quran. In Sahīh Muslim (6), Umm Hishām bint Hārithah said: I did not learn “Qāf. By the Quran

(1) Reported by Muslim (867). (2) “Lillāh (to Allah)” is absent from Sād and Jīm. (3) See Majmū‘ al-Fatāwā (22:393–394). The issue and Shaykh al-Islām’s preferred position will be discussed again later. (4) Reported by ‘Abd al-Razzāq (5281). (5) Ibid. (5282). (6) Hadith no. 873; the wording is Ahmad’s (27456).
وكان إذا خطب احمرَّت عيناه، وعلا صوته، واشتدَّ غضبه، كأنه منذر جيش يقول: صبَّحكم، مسَّاكم. ويقول: «بُعِثتُ أنا والساعة كهاتين» ويقرُن بين إصبعيه السبابة والوسطى، ويقول: «أما بعد، فإنَّ خيرَ الحديث كتابُ الله، وخيرَ الهدي هدي محمد. وشرُّ الأمور محدَثاتها، وكلُّ بدعة ضلالة» (١). وكان لا يخطب خطبةً إلا افتتحها بحمد الله. وأما قول كثير من الفقهاء: إنه يفتتح خطبة الاستسقاء بالاستغفار، وخطبة العيد بالتكبير فليس معهم به سنَّة عن النبي ﷺ البتة. والسنَّةُ تقتضي خلافه، وهو افتتاح جميع الخطب بالحمد لله (٢)، وهو أحد الوجوه الثلاثة لأصحاب أحمد، وهو اختيار شيخنا قدَّس الله روحه (٣). وكان يخطب قائمًا. وفي مراسيل عطاء (٤) وغيره أنه ﷺ كان إذا صعِد المنبر أقبل بوجهه على الناس، ثم قال: «السلام عليكم». قال الشعبي (٥): وكان أبو بكر وعمر يفعلان ذلك. وكان يختم خطبه بالاستغفار. وكان كثيرًا ما يخطب بالقرآن. وفي «صحيح مسلم» (٦) عن أم هشام بنت حارثة قالت: ما أخذت ﴿ق وَالْقُرْآنِ
(١) أخرجه مسلم (٨٦٧). (٢) لم يرد «لله» في ص، ج. (٣) انظر: «مجموع الفتاوى» (٢٢/ ٣٩٣ - ٣٩٤). وسيأتي ذكر المسألة واختيار شيخ الإسلام مرة أخرى. (٤) أخرجه عبد الرزاق (٥٢٨١). (٥) المصدر السابق (٥٢٨٢). (٦) برقم (٨٧٣)، واللفظ لأحمد (٢٧٤٥٦).

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