(1) For this paragraph, see al-Ahkām al-Wustā by ‘Abd al-Haqq al-Ishbīlī (1:131–132), who made the statements cited here. (2) Transmitted by Ahmad (8140, 9861), Abū Dāwūd (45), Ibn Mājah (358), Ibn Hibbān (1405), and al-Bayhaqī (1:106), through Sharīk, from Ibrāhīm ibn Jarīr, from Abū Zur‘ah, from Abū Hurayrah. This chain includes Sharīk ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Nakha‘ī, whose reliability has some weakness (fīhi līn). His peer Abān ibn ‘Abd Allāh differed from him, but his transmission was also inconsistent: on one occasion he reported it as a hadith of Jarīr ibn ‘Abd Allāh, although Jarīr’s son Ibrāhīm ibn Jarīr did not hear from him. This version was transmitted by al-Nasā’ī in al-Mujtabā (51), Ibn Mājah (359), Ibn Khuzaymah (89), and al-Bayhaqī (1:107). On another occasion, he narrated it from a freedman of Abū Hurayrah, from Abū Hurayrah; this version was transmitted by Ahmad (8695), al-Dārimī (705), and al-Bayhaqī (1:106). Sufficient in its place is the hadith of Maymūnah transmitted by al-Bukhārī (259, 266, 274, 276, 281) and Muslim (317): when performing ghusl al-janābah (the ritual bath for major ritual impurity), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would wash his private parts, then strike or rub his hand against earth, the ground, or a wall. (3) Transmitted by al-Tirmidhī (14) and others through al-A‘mash, from Anas. Al-Tirmidhī then mentioned a version through al-A‘mash, from Ibn ‘Umar, and said: “Both hadiths are mursal (disconnected): al-A‘mash did not hear from Anas ibn Mālik or from any of the Prophet’s Companions, although he did see Anas…” In al-‘Ilal al-Kabīr (pp. 25–26), he said: “I asked Muhammad about this hadith: ‘Which version is more authentic?’ He replied: ‘Both are mursal.’ He did not say which was more authentic.” Al-Dāraqutnī concluded in al-‘Ilal (2462) that the hadith is not established from al-A‘mash. Abū Dāwūd (14) transmitted it through al-A‘mash, from an unnamed man, from Ibn ‘Umar; he then mentioned another chain through al-A‘mash, from Anas, and graded it weak.