Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

She supported him in his prophetic mission, strove alongside him, and sustained him personally and financially. Allah sent her greetings of peace through Gabriel (1), a distinction (2) not known to have been granted to any other woman. She died three years before the Hijrah.

A few days after her death, he married Sawdah bint Zamʿah of Quraysh, who later gave her allotted day to Ā’ishah.

He then married Umm Abd Allāh Ā’ishah, the eminently truthful daughter of the eminently truthful, whose innocence was declared from above the seven heavens, the beloved of the Messenger of the Lord of the worlds—Ā’ishah bint Abī Bakr al-Siddīq. Before their marriage, the angel showed her to him in a piece (3) of silk and said, “This is your wife” (4). He married her in Shawwāl when she was six years old, and consummated the marriage in Shawwāl of the first year after the Hijrah, when she was nine. He married no virgin other than her, and revelation never came to him beneath the bedcover of any wife other than her. She was the dearest of all people to him. Her vindication came down from heaven, and the Muslim community unanimously agreed that whoever accuses her of unchastity is an unbeliever. Of all his wives, she had the greatest understanding of religion and the most knowledge (5); indeed, she surpassed all the women of the Muslim community in both respects, without exception. The leading Companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would refer to her opinions and seek religious rulings from her. It has been said that she miscarried a child conceived with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, but this has not been established.

(1) This is how it is reported in the hadith of Abū Hurayra recorded by al-Bukhārī (3820) and Muslim (2432). (2) ك, ع: “khāssa” (distinction). (3) Al-saraqa: a length or piece of cloth. (4) Recorded by al-Bukhārī (5125) and Muslim (2438). (5) In ص and ج: “a'lamhum” (the most knowledgeable of them), here and below.
وهي التي وازرته على النبوة، وجاهدت معه، وواسته بنفسها ومالها. وأرسل الله إليها السلام مع جبريل (١)، وهذه خاصِّيَّة (٢) لا تعرف لامرأة سواها، وماتت قبل الهجرة بثلاث سنين. ثم تزوَّج بعد موتها بأيام سَودة بنت زَمْعة القرشية، وهي التي وهبت يومها لعائشة. ثم تزوَّج بعدها أمَّ عبد الله عائشة الصدِّيقة بنت الصدِّيق المبرَّأةَ من فوق سبع سماوات، حبيبة رسول ربِّ العالمين، عائشة بنت أبي بكر الصديق. وعرضها عليه الملَكُ قبل نكاحها في سَرَقةٍ (٣) من حرير وقال: «هذه زوجتك» (٤). تزوَّج بها في شوال وعمرُها ستُّ سنين، وبنى بها في شوال في السنة الأولى من الهجرة وعمرُها تسع سنين. ولم يتزوَّج بكرًا غيرها، وما نزل عليه الوحي في لحاف امرأة غيرها، وكانت أحبَّ الخلق إليه. ونزل عذرها من السماء، واتفقت الأمة على كفر قاذفها. وهي أفقه نسائه وأعلمهن (٥)، بل أفقه نساء الأمة وأعلمهن على الإطلاق. وكان الأكابر من أصحاب النبي ﷺ يرجعون إلى قولها ويستفتونها. وقيل: إنها أسقطت من النبي ﷺ سِقْطًا، ولم يثبُت.
(١) كذا في حديث أبي هريرة عند البخاري (٣٨٢٠) ومسلم (٢٤٣٢). (٢) ك، ع: «خاصَّة». (٣) السَّرَقة: الشقّة والقطعة. (٤) أخرجه البخاري (٥١٢٥) ومسلم (٢٤٣٨). (٥) في ص، ج: «أعلمهم» هنا وفيما يأتي.

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