Zād al-Maʿād - Ibn al-Qayyim - (1/89)

Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

the Night Journey while awake, it took place after the beginning of prophethood. It has also been said that revelation here has a restricted meaning, rather than referring to revelation in its unrestricted sense, which marks (1) the beginning of prophethood. What is meant is that this occurred before he received revelation concerning the Night Journey itself: he was taken on it suddenly, without prior notice. And Allah knows best.

Throughout his stay in Mecca, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, called the tribes to Allah Most High. At every pilgrimage season, he presented himself to them, asking them to shelter him so that he could convey his Lord’s message, with Paradise as their reward. No tribe responded to him; Allah reserved this honour for the Ansār. When Allah willed to make His religion prevail, support His Prophet, fulfil His promise, exalt His word, and take vengeance upon His enemies, He led him to the Ansār, intending to honour them. He came upon six of them—or, according to another account, eight—shaving their heads at the pass of Minā during the pilgrimage season. He sat with them, called them to Allah, and recited the Quran to them. They responded to Allah and His Messenger, then returned to Medina and called their people to Islam until it spread among them. Not a single household of the Ansār remained without mention of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. The first mosque in Medina in which the Quran was recited was the mosque of Banū Zurayq.

The following year, twelve men from the Ansār came to Mecca, five of whom were among the original six. At al-Aqabah, they pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, on the terms of the women’s pledge, then returned to Medina.

The following year, seventy-three men and two women from among them came to him. These were the participants in the final pledge at al-Aqabah. They pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, undertaking to protect him from whatever they would protect their wives, children, and themselves from, and agreeing that he and his Companions would move to join them. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, chose twelve leaders from among them. He then gave his Companions permission to emigrate to Medina.

(1) ص: “huwa qabla” (“it is before”); the word qabla (“before”) is an interpolation.

إسراء اليقظة فبعد النبوة. وقيل: بل الوحي هاهنا مقيَّد، وليس بالوحي المطلق الذي هو (١) مبدأ النبوة، والمراد: قبل أن يوحى إليه في شأن الإسراء، فأسري به فجأةً من غير تقدُّم إعلام. والله أعلم. فأقام ﷺ بمكة ما أقام يدعو القبائل إلى الله تعالى، ويعرض نفسه عليهم في كلِّ موسم أن يُؤْوُوه حتى يبلِّغ رسالة ربِّه ولهم الجنة. فلم يستجب له قبيلة، وذَخَر الله ذلك كرامةً للأنصار. فلما أراد الله إظهار دينه، ونصرَ نبيِّه، وإنجاز وعده، وإعلاء كلمته، والانتقام من أعدائه= ساقه إلى الأنصار لِما أراد بهم من الكرامة، فانتهى إلى نفر منهم ستة، وقيل: ثمانية، وهم يحلقون رؤوسهم عند عقبة منًى في الموسم، فجلس إليهم، ودعاهم إلى الله، وقرأ عليهم القرآن، فاستجابوا لله ورسوله، ورجعوا إلى المدينة، فدعوا قومهم إلى الإسلام حتى فشا فيهم، ولم يبق دار من دور الأنصار إلا وفيها ذكرٌ من رسول الله ﷺ؛ فأول مسجد قرئ فيه القرآن بالمدينة مسجد بني زُرَيق. ثم قدم مكة في العام القابل اثنا عشر رجلًا من الأنصار، خمسة منهم من الستة الأولين، فبايعوا رسول الله ﷺ على بيعة النساء عند العقبة، ثم انصرفوا إلى المدينة. فقدِم عليه في العام القابل منهم ثلاثة وسبعون رجلًا وامرأتان، وهم أهل العقبة الأخيرة، فبايعوا رسول الله ﷺ على أن يمنعوه مما يمنعون منه نساءهم وأبناءهم وأنفسهم، ويرحل هو وأصحابه إليهم. واختار رسول الله ﷺ منهم اثني عشر نقيبًا. وأذن رسول الله ﷺ لأصحابه في الهجرة إلى المدينة

(١) ص: «هو قبل»، ولفظ «قبل» مقحم.