To proceed: Allah, glorified be He, alone (1) creates and selects from among created beings. He, the Most High, says:
“And your Lord creates what He wills and chooses.” [al-Qasas: 68]
The choosing meant here (2) is not the will to which the speculative theologians refer when they describe Him as an agent who acts by choice. He, glorified be He, is indeed such, but that is not the meaning of choosing here. Choosing in that sense is already included in His words, “creates,” for He creates only by His choice, and in His words, “what He wills,” for willing is choosing. Rather, choosing here means selecting and singling out. It is a choice made after creation, whereas choosing in the general sense precedes creation. The latter is broader and prior; the former is narrower and subsequent. One is a choice from among created beings; the other is a choice to create.
According to the sounder of the two views, a complete pause is made after His words, “and chooses,” and His words, “They have no choice” [al-Qasas: 68], express a negation. That is, this choice does not belong to them, but to the Creator alone. Just as He alone (3) creates, He alone (4) selects from His creation (5). Thus, it is not