Zād al-Maʿād - Ibn al-Qayyim - (2/377)

Section
His Guidance Concerning Sacrificial Offerings, Eid Sacrifices, and Sacrifices for Newborns

These are restricted to the eight male and female kinds of livestock mentioned in Sūrat al-An‘ām. Neither he (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) nor (1) his Companions (2) are known to have used any other animals for sacrificial offerings, Eid sacrifices, or sacrifices for newborns. This is derived from the Quran by considering four verses together:

The first is Allah’s statement:
“Lawful for you are the animals of grazing livestock.” [al-Mā’idah: 1]

The second is His statement:
“And mention (3) the name of Allah on known days over the livestock He has provided for them.” [al-Hajj: 28]

The third is His statement:
“Among livestock are beasts of burden and smaller animals. Eat of what Allah has provided for you, and do not follow Satan’s footsteps. Indeed, he is your clear enemy. (142) Eight male and female kinds.” [al-An‘ām: 142–143]
He then lists them.

The fourth is His statement:
“From among you, as an offering reaching” [al-Mā’idah: 95].

This indicates that the sacrificial offerings brought to the Kaaba are these eight male and female kinds of livestock. This was the deduction of ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib (may Allah be pleased with him) (4).

(1) k: “aw (or).” (2) mb: “al-sahābah (the Companions).” (3) In all manuscripts: “li-yadhkurū (so that they may mention).” (4) Reported by al-Bayhaqī (5/229). Its chain includes Ibn Ishāq’s 'an'anah (narration using 'an, “from”) and a break between Muhammad al-Bāqir and 'Alī.

فصل في هديه ﷺ في الهدايا والضحايا والعقيقة وهي مختصَّةٌ بالأزواج الثَّمانية المذكورة في سورة الأنعام، ولم يُعرف عنه ﷺ ولا (١) عن أصحابه (٢) هديٌ ولا أضحيَّةٌ ولا عقيقةٌ من غيرها، وهذا مأخوذٌ من القرآن من مجموع أربع آياتٍ: إحداها: قوله تعالى: ﴿أُحِلَّتْ لَكُمْ بَهِيمَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ﴾ [المائدة: ١]. والثَّانية: قوله تعالى: ﴿وَيَذْكُرُوا (٣) اسْمَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَهُمْ مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ﴾ [الحج: ٢٨]. والثَّالثة: قوله تعالى: ﴿وَمِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ حَمُولَةً وَفَرْشًا كُلُوا مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ (١٤٢) ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ﴾ [الأنعام: ١٤٢ - ١٤٣]، ثمَّ ذكرها. والرَّابعة: قوله تعالى: ﴿مِنْكُمْ هَدْيًا بَالِغَ﴾ [المائدة: ٩٥]. فدلَّ على أنَّ الذي يبلغ الكعبةَ من الهدي هو هذه الأزواج الثَّمانية، وهذا استنباط عليِّ بن أبي طالبٍ ﵁ (٤).

(١) ك: «أو». (٢) مب: «الصحابة». (٣) في جميع النسخ: «ليذكروا». (٤) رواه البيهقي (٥/ ٢٢٩)، وفيه عنعنه ابن إسحاق وانقطاع بين محمد الباقر وعلي.