Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

‘Ā’ishah. There was disagreement over which of these two accounts should be preferred. Abū Muhammad ibn Hazm (1) said that the account of ‘Ā’ishah and Jābir deserved preference. A number of scholars followed him in this, favouring this account for several reasons (2):

First: It has two narrators (3), and their account deserves preference over that of one.

Second: ‘Ā’ishah was closer to him than anyone else, enjoying a closeness, special relationship, and distinction that no one else possessed.

Third: Jābir’s account of the Prophet’s pilgrimage, from beginning to end, is the most complete. He remembered the events accurately, down to their smallest details. He even retained a detail unrelated to the pilgrimage rites: the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, dismounted along the way on the night of Jam‘ (4), relieved himself near the mountain pass, and then performed a light ablution. Someone who remembered such a detail so precisely is all the more likely to have accurately remembered where he prayed on the Day of Sacrifice.

Fourth: The Farewell Pilgrimage took place in March, when night and day are of equal length. He departed from Muzdalifah for Minā before sunrise, addressed the people there, slaughtered a large number of sacrificial camels and distributed them. Some of their meat was cooked for him, and he ate from it. He also stoned the pillar and shaved his head,

(1) Ibn Hazm states in Hujjat al-Wadā‘ (The Farewell Pilgrimage), p. 209: “Both of them—Allah knows best—are more accurate in this matter than Ibn ‘Umar, for ‘Ā’ishah was closer to him (peace be upon him) than anyone else.” See also p. 296 of the same work. However, on p. 124 he states: “We found it difficult to decide this matter, given the authenticity of the transmission chains concerning it. Undoubtedly, one of the two reports is mistaken and the other is correct, but we do not know which is which.” (2) See some of these arguments in Ibn Hazm’s Hujjat al-Wadā‘, p. 296. (3) This is the reading in most manuscripts. mb reads “rwāyh”; the printed edition reads “annahu riwāyatu ithnayn” (“that it is a report transmitted by two narrators”). (4) “Laylat Jam‘” (“the night of Jam‘”) is absent from m and mb.
عائشة. واختُلِف في ترجيح أحد هذين القولين على الآخر، فقال أبو محمد بن حزم (١): قول عائشة وجابر أولى، وتبعه على هذا جماعةٌ، ورجَّحوا هذا القول بوجوهٍ (٢): أحدها: أن رُواتَه اثنان (٣)، وهما أولى من الواحد. الثَّاني: أنَّ عائشة أخصُّ النَّاس به، ولها من القرب والاختصاص والمزيَّة ما ليس لغيرها. الثَّالث: أنَّ سياق جابر لحجَّة النبيِّ ﷺ من أوَّلها إلى آخرها أتمُّ سياقٍ، وقد حفظ القصَّة وضبطَها، حتَّى ضبط جزئيَّاتِها، حتَّى ضبط منها أمرًا لا يتعلَّق بالمناسك، وهو نزول النبيِّ ﷺ ليلةَ جمعٍ (٤) في الطَّريق، فقضى حاجته عند الشِّعب، ثمَّ توضَّأ وضوءًا خفيفًا. فمن ضبط هذا القدر فهو بضبط مكان صلاته يومَ النَّحر أولى. الرَّابع: أنَّ حجَّة الوداع كانت في آذار، وهو تساوي اللَّيل والنَّهار، وقد دفع من مزدلفة قبل طلوع الشَّمس إلى منًى، وخطب بها النَّاس، ونحر بُدْنًا عظيمةً وقسَمَها، وطُبخ له من لحمها وأكل منه، ورمى الجمرة، وحلق رأسه،
(١) قال في «حجة الوداع» (ص ٢٠٩): وهما ــ والله أعلم ــ أضبط لذلك من ابن عمر، فعائشة أخص به ﵇ من جميع الناس. وانظر (ص ٢٩٦) منه. ولكنه في (ص ١٢٤) قال: أشكل علينا الفصل فيه بصحة الطرق في ذلك، ولا شك أن أحد الخبرين وهم والثاني صحيح، ولا ندري أيهما هو. (٢) انظر بعضها عند ابن حزم في «حجة الوداع» (ص ٢٩٦). (٣) كذا في أكثر النسخ. وفي مب: «روايه». وفي المطبوع: «أنه رواية اثنين». (٤) «ليلة جمع» ليست في م، مب.

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