He also ordered the man who had entered pilgrimage consecration wearing a robe after applying khalūq (a saffron-based perfume) to remove (1) the robe and wash off the traces of khalūq (2).

These three hadiths form the basis for prohibiting perfume for a person in pilgrimage consecration. The most explicit of them is this account, for the prohibition in the latter two hadiths (3) concerns only a particular kind of perfume, especially khalūq, which is prohibited both during pilgrimage consecration and otherwise.

Since the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—forbade bringing perfume near the man or applying it to him, this encompasses the head, body and clothing. As for smelling it without touching it, those who prohibit this do so only by analogy. The wording of the prohibition does not explicitly encompass it, nor is there any known consensus on the matter that must be followed. Rather, its prohibition falls under prohibiting the means to something forbidden, since smelling perfume encourages its use (4) on the body and clothing. Likewise, looking at a woman whom one could lawfully marry is prohibited because it is a means to something further. Whatever is prohibited as a means to something forbidden is permitted (5) when there is a need or an overriding benefit. Thus, it is permissible to look at a slave woman whom one is considering buying (6), a prospective bride, or a woman about whom one gives testimony, with whom one has dealings, or whom one treats medically (7).

Accordingly, a person in pilgrimage consecration is prohibited only from deliberately smelling perfume for enjoyment and pleasure. But as for