both of which are reported from Ahmad. Those who maintain that it did not fulfil her obligation say: The ‘umrah prescribed and performed by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, takes only two forms, with no third: first, the ‘umrah of tamattu‘ (combining ‘umrah with Hajj), which he permitted at the appointed place for entering ihrām, encouraged along the way, and made obligatory at Safā and Marwah for those who had not brought sacrificial animals. Second, an independent ‘umrah for which a journey is undertaken (1), like his earlier ‘umrahs. He did not prescribe any independent ‘umrah apart from these two forms. In both, the person performing ‘umrah enters Mecca from outside. As for the ‘umrah of someone who goes out to the nearest point beyond the sacred precinct, this was not prescribed.

As for ‘Ā’ishah’s ‘umrah, it was merely a visit; her ‘umrah combined with Hajj in a single ihrām had already fulfilled her obligation, according to the explicit statement of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. This proves that an ‘umrah combined with Hajj in a single ihrām fulfils the obligation of ‘umrah. This is unquestionably the correct view, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to ‘Ā’ishah: “Your circumambulation suffices for your Hajj and your ‘umrah.” Another wording reads: “It fulfils your obligation” (2), and another: “It is enough for you.” He also said: “‘Umrah has become part of Hajj until the Day of Resurrection” (3). He instructed everyone who had brought sacrificial animals to combine Hajj and ‘umrah, and he did not instruct anyone who combined them with him and brought sacrificial animals to perform any additional ‘umrah. It is therefore conclusively established that an ‘umrah combined with Hajj in a single ihrām fulfils the obligation of ‘umrah. Allah alone grants success.

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As for where her menstruation began, it was undoubtedly at Sarif, while there is disagreement concerning where she became pure again