Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

In Sunan al-Athram (1), al-Aswad reported: I asked ‘Ā’ishah, “Did you perform ‘umrah after Hajj?” She replied, “By Allah, it was not an ‘umrah; it was merely a visit I made to the House.”

Imām Ahmad said (2): The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, only (3) arranged for ‘Ā’ishah to perform ‘umrah when she insisted, saying, “Will everyone return with two rites while I return with one?” He said, “O ‘Abd al-Rahmān, take her to perform ‘umrah.” ‘Abd al-Rahmān sought the nearest point outside the Sanctuary and took her to begin her ‘umrah from there.

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There are two views concerning the rite for which ‘Ā’ishah initially entered ihrām:

The first is that it was a separate ‘umrah. This is the correct view, in light of the hadiths we have cited. In the Sahīh, she is reported to have said: “We set out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for the Farewell Hajj, arriving at the beginning of Dhū al-Hijjah. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Whoever among you wishes to enter ihrām for ‘umrah may do so. Had I not brought a sacrificial animal, I would have entered ihrām for ‘umrah.’ Some of the people entered ihrām for ‘umrah, and others for Hajj. I was among those who entered ihrām for ‘umrah.” She then related the rest of the hadith (4). His words in the hadith, “Leave the ‘umrah and enter ihrām for Hajj,” were addressed to her at Sarif, near Mecca. They explicitly establish that she had entered ihrām for ‘umrah.

The second view is that she initially entered ihrām for Hajj and was performing Hajj alone. It was stated by Ibn

(1) See Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (5/370). I have not located this report. (2) See the preceding reference. (3) Innamā (“only”) is absent from ك. (4) Its sources were cited shortly above.
وفي «سنن الأثرم» (١) عن الأسود قال: قلت لعائشة: اعتمرتِ بعد الحجِّ؟ قالت: والله ما كانت عمرةً، ما كانت إلا زيارةً زرتُ البيت. قال الإمام أحمد (٢): إنَّما (٣) أعمر النَّبيُّ ﷺ عائشةَ حين ألحَّت عليه، فقالت: يرجع النَّاس بنسكينِ وأرجع بنسكٍ؟ فقال: «يا عبد الرحمن، أَعمِرْها»، فنظر إلى أدنى الحلِّ، فأعمَرَها منه. فصل واختلف النَّاس فيما أحرمت به عائشة أوَّلًا على قولين: أحدهما: أنَّه عمرةٌ مفردةٌ، وهذا هو الصَّواب لما ذكرنا من الأحاديث. وفي «الصَّحيح» عنها قالت: خرجنا مع رسول الله ﷺ في حجَّة الوداع مُوافين لهلال ذي الحجَّة، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: «من أراد منكم أن يُهلَّ بعمرةٍ، فليهلَّ، فلولا أنِّي أهديتُ لأهللتُ بعمرةٍ». قالت: فكان من القوم مَن أهلَّ بعمرةٍ، ومنهم من أهلَّ بالحجِّ، قالت: فكنتُ أنا ممَّن أهلَّ بعمرةٍ. وذكرت الحديث (٤). وقوله في الحديث: «دعي العمرة وأهلِّي بالحجِّ»، قاله لها بسَرِف قريبًا من مكَّة، وهو صريحٌ في أنَّ إحرامها كان بعمرةٍ. القول الثَّاني: أنَّها أحرمت أوَّلًا بالحجِّ وكانت مفردةً، قال ابن
(١) انظر: «المغني» لابن قدامة (٥/ ٣٧٠)، ولم أقف عليه. (٢) انظر المرجع السابق. (٣) «إنما» ليست في ك. (٤) تقدم تخريجه قريبًا.

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