Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

There is no doubt (1) that this view is refuted and invalidated by its contradiction of the preceding hadiths and its claim that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, alone could enter a form of ihrām that is not valid for his community. Another argument against it is that Anas said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, prayed Zuhr at al-Baydā’, then mounted his riding animal and ascended the hill of al-Baydā’. He entered ihrām for Hajj and ‘umrah when he prayed Zuhr.” In ‘Umar’s hadith, the one who came to him from his Lord said: “Pray in this blessed valley and say: ‘An ‘umrah combined with Hajj.’” This is what he did, peace and blessings be upon him. What ‘Umar reported that he was commanded to do is therefore the same as what Anas reported that he did: he prayed Zuhr in the valley of al-Hulayfah (2), then said: “Here I am, answering Your call for ‘umrah and Hajj.”

Scholars differed over whether it is permissible to add ‘umrah to Hajj, holding two views, both of which are reported from Ahmad. The better-known view is that it is not valid. Those who held it to be valid—such as Abū Hanīfah and his followers—based this on their legal principles and their position that one combining Hajj and ‘umrah performs two tawāfs (circumambulations of the Ka‘bah) and two sa‘y rites (walking between Safā and Marwah). Thus, by adding ‘umrah to Hajj, a person undertakes additional rites beyond those required when entering ihrām for Hajj alone. Those who hold that one tawāf and one sa‘y suffice say: adding ‘umrah brings no benefit other than dispensing with one of the two journeys. It entails (3) no commitment to additional rites, but rather fewer rites, and is therefore impermissible. This is the position of the majority.

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As for those who say that he entered ihrām for ‘umrah and then added Hajj to it, their grounds are Ibn ‘Umar’s statement: “During the Farewell Hajj, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, performed ‘umrah in conjunction with Hajj, offered a sacrificial animal, and drove

(1) This is the author’s rejoinder to the proponents mentioned above. (2) The printed edition reads: “bi-Dhī al-Hulayfa (at Dhū al-Hulayfa).” (3) ص، ج: “yalzam (is required).”
ولا ريبَ (١) أنَّ في هذا القول من مخالفة الأحاديث المتقدِّمة ودعوى التَّخصيص للنَّبيِّ ﷺ بإحرامٍ لا يصحُّ في حقِّ الأمَّة ما يردُّه ويُبطِله. وممَّا يردُّه أنَّ أنسًا قال: صلَّى رسول الله ﷺ الظُّهر بالبيداء، ثمَّ ركب، وصعدَ جبلَ البيداء، وأهلَّ بالحجِّ والعمرة حين صلَّى الظُّهر. وفي حديث عمر أنَّ الذي جاءه من ربِّه قال له: «صَلِّ في هذا الوادي المبارك، وقل: عمرةٌ في حجَّةٍ»، وكذلك فعل ﷺ. فالَّذي روى عمر أنَّه أمر به وروى أنس أنَّه فعله سواءٌ، فصلَّى الظُّهر بوادي الحليفة (٢)، ثمَّ قال: لبَّيك عمرةً وحجًّا. واختلف النَّاس في جواز إدخال العمرة على الحجِّ على قولين، وهما روايتان عن أحمد، أشهرهما: أنه لا يصحُّ، والَّذين قالوا بالصِّحَّة ــ كأبي حنيفة وأصحابه ــ بنوه على أصولهم، وأنَّ القارن يطوف طوافين ويسعى سعيين، فإذا أدخل العمرة على الحجِّ فقد التزم زيادة عملٍ على الإحرام بالحجِّ وحده. ومن قال: يكفيه طوافٌ واحدٌ وسعيٌ واحدٌ، قال: لم يستفد بهذا الإدخال إلا سقوطَ أحد السَّفرين، ولم يلتزم (٣) به زيادة عملٍ بل نقصانه، فلا يجوز، وهذا مذهب الجمهور. فصل وأمَّا القائلون بأنه أحرم بعمرةٍ ثمَّ أدخل عليها الحجَّ، فعذرهم قول ابن عمر: تمتَّع رسول الله ﷺ في حجَّة الوداع بالعمرة إلى الحجِّ، وأهدى، فساق
(١) هذا تعقيب من المؤلف على القائلين المذكورين. (٢) في المطبوع: «بذي الحليفة». (٣) ص، ج: «يلزم».

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