—and its resort to taʾwīl (forced reinterpretation) was borrowed from the disciples of the idolaters, the Sabians, and the Jews. How, then, could the heart of a believer—indeed of any rational human being—be content to tread the ways of those who have incurred wrath and gone astray, while forsaking the way of those whom Allah has favored: the prophets, the ever-truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous?