that He possesses nothing but attributes that are either purely negative, merely relational, or a composite of the two. These were the very people to whom Abraham, the Friend of God, was sent. Hence it appears that al-Jaʿd derived this view from the Sabian philosophers. Likewise, Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī went to Ḥarrān and studied under the philosophers of the Sabians.