regarding the attributes of the Lord—exalted be He—without venturing into interpretation, description, or likening Him to His creation. Whoever, today, attempts to explain any of those reports has departed from what the Prophet ﷺ was upon and has broken away from the community, for they neither described nor interpreted them; they simply gave rulings based on the Book and the Sunnah and then remained silent. Whoever espouses the view of Jahm has likewise left the community, for he has attributed to Allah a description that is sheer non-existence.”

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan studied under Abū Ḥanīfah, Mālik, and their contemporaries among the scholars. He is the one who transmitted this consensus and reported that the Jahmiyyah generally—or always—describe Allah with purely negative attributes.

[Concerning his phrase, “without interpretation,” he was referring to the interpretation devised by the Jahmiyyah who stripped the attributes of their reality, offering explanations contrary to the affirmations of the Companions and the Successors.]

The Statement of Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim ibn Sallām:

Al-Bayhaqī and others have related with sound chains from Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim ibn