It is well known that martial horsemanship and valor are of two kinds: the more perfect of them belongs to the people of religion and faith, while the second is a common domain (1) shared by the brave at large.
This is a concise treatise on the lawful, Prophetic form of martial horsemanship—one of the noblest acts of worship of both heart and body. It urges its practitioners to champion (2) the Most Merciful and leads them to the loftiest chambers of Paradise. I composed it while far from my homeland, estranged from companions and brothers, and with scant provision in this discipline. Whatever it contains of correctness is from Allah, by His bounty (3) and His enabling grace; whatever it contains of error is from me (4) and from Satan, and Allah and His Messenger are free of it.
I therefore say—and Allah the Exalted is the One whose help is sought, and upon Him we rely—
It is authentically established that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, raced on foot; that he held races between camels; that he held races between horses; that he attended archery contests, siding with one group so that the other held back, and then siding with both groups (5) together; and that he himself shot with the bow. It is likewise established that al-Ṣiddīq wagered with the unbelievers of Mecca that the Romans (6) would defeat the Persians, while they wagered with him that this would not—