and two pertain to the soundness of the release: the archer should press the string with his thumb from beneath it and with his index finger on the string above the bow, ensuring that at the very moment of loosing neither the thumb nor the index finger touches the nock or the shaft of the arrow.

He must also beware of opening his little finger and ring finger during the release, for the strength of the grip lies in them. Instead, let him open the middle finger together with the index finger and thumb, for opening it brings many advantages:
– a smoother release;
– preserving the face of the kushteban (thumb-ring) in good condition; (1)
– and, by opening the middle finger, preventing the string from striking the tips of the index finger and thumb after the arrow has left.

As for the matter that involves the mouth: from the very start of the draw until it is fully taken he should inhale the air little by little; then, when he looses, he should breathe out with the release in so subtle a breath that a person standing beside him would not notice it.

Regarding the two points connected to the chest:
The first is to contract the chest from (2) the beginning of the draw until its completion, so that by the end of the full draw it is as compressed as possible.
The second is to expand the chest at the very instant of release, so that each shoulder