Al-Furūsiyya - Ibn al-Qayyim - (الكتاب/307)

be valid; for all of that is sheer uncertainty (gharar), and nothing subject to such risk may lawfully be the object of an exchange contract.

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The two contestants may compete with several arrows that they own jointly, with separate sets for each of them, or even with a single arrow: one of them may discharge his entire round and then the other shoots with the same arrow, or they may alternate—this one shoots once and then that one—because the intended purpose is thereby fulfilled.

Some of al-Shafiʿi’s companions (1) have forbidden a contest fought with a single arrow on condition that each of the two shoots it once.

No sound basis for this prohibition is apparent. Were they to compete with several arrows (2) on the understanding that one archer shoots an arrow and then the other shoots an arrow, it would be valid—just as it is permissible for each of them to complete all of his shots (3) in uninterrupted succession (4) and thereafter let the other begin his turn. They may likewise equalize by allotting two arrows apiece or three arrows apiece (5), for the aim is that they be on equal footing and that equity be maintained between them.

(1) See Takmilat al-Majmu, vol. 15, p. 173. (2) Ms. Z reads: siham ("arrows"). (3) Ms. Z reads: yasbiq ("to go ahead"). (4) That is: in rapid succession. (5) The wording follows Ms. Z; Mss. H and MaT instead have: "an yatasawqa sahmayn wa-thalatha, idh al-maqsud" ("that two and three arrows be loosed together, for that is what is meant").

يجز؛ لأن ذلك كلُّه غَرَرٌ، ولا يجوز أن يكون موردًا لشيء من عقود المعاوضات. فصلٌ ويجوز أن يتناضلا بسهامٍ متعددة لهما، أو لكل واحد منهما، وبسهم واحد يرمي أحدهما جملة رَشْقِه، ثم يرمي به الآخر، أو يرمي به هذا مرة وهذا مرة، لحصول الغرض بذلك. ومنع بعض أصحاب الشافعي (١) المناضلة على سهم واحد بشرط أن يرمي كل منهما به مرة. ولا يظهر لهذا المنع وجه، فإنهما لو تناضلا بِعِدَّةِ أسهم (٢) على أن يرمي هذا فردة وهذا فردة؛ جاز، كما يجوز أن يستوفي (٣) كلٌّ منهما رميه عن ولاء (٤)، ثم يأخذ الآخر في الرمي، ويجوز أن يتساويا سهمين سهمين وثلاثة ثلاثة (٥)، إذ المقصود استواؤهما والتعديل بينهما.

(١) انظر تكملة المجموع (١٥/ ١٧٣). (٢) في (ظ) (سهام). (٣) في (ظ) (يسبق). (٤) أي: تتابع. (٥) من (ظ)، ووقع في (ح) (مط) (أن يتساوقا سهمين وثلاثة، إذ المقصود).