Al-FurūsiyyaIbn al-Qayyim

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They said: As for your fourth proof, it is the story of the two men who wagered over a gazelle—whichever of them would reach it first—and that ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb declared, “This is gambling.”
Clinging to this is like holding onto a spider’s web, for ʿUmar did not call it gambling because there was no muḥallil (third entrant). He called it gambling because it was the wrongful consumption of another’s wealth. The two men were racing to perform an act for which staking a prize is, by unanimous agreement, impermissible: catching game while in a state of iḥrām. That is gambling even if a muḥallil were to participate.
Even had they raced on foot toward something lawful, taking money for it would still be gambling according to the majority, because it does not fall under the category of camel, horse, or archery contests.
Moreover, the report is transmitted through a narrator whose weakness is universally acknowledged: ʿAlī ibn Zayd ibn Judʿān (1). Allah, exalted is He, grants success.

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They said: As for your fifth proof, it is the ḥadith recorded by al-Bukhārī in which the Prophet ﷺ passed by some men of Aslam (2) who were practising archery … and in it he said, “Shoot, for I am with all of you.”
Glory be to Allah! To what extremes the defence of legal schools and blind imitation of their adherents can drive a person—

(1) Scholars differ over his status: some declare him reliable, others judge him weak. Overall, the evidence leans toward weakness, especially in narrations for which he is the sole transmitter; at root, however, he is regarded as saduq (truthful). See Tahdhib al-Kamal 30:434–445. (2) MS Z omits the phrase “min aslam” (“who has embraced Islam”); the hadith has already been cited on p. 16.
فصلٌ قالوا: وأما دليلكم الرابع: في قِصَّة المُتقامِرَين في الظَّبي، أيهما يسبق إليه، وأن عمر بن الخطاب؛ قال "هذا قمار". فتعلُّق ببَيْتِ العنكبوت؛ لأن عمر لم يجعله قمارًا لعدم المحلِّل، وإنما كان قَمارًا لأنه أكلُ مالٍ بالباطل؛ فإنهما استبقا إلى فعلٍ لا يجوز بذل السَّبَق فيه بالاتفاق، وهو أخذ الصَّيد في حال الإحرام، فهذا قمارٌ، وإنْ دَخَلَ فيه المحلِّل. وحتى لو كان استبقا إلى فعل جائز على الأقْدَام؛ فأكل المال به قمارٌ عند الجمهور؛ لأنه ليس من الخُفِّ والحافر والنصْل. هذا مع أنّ الحديث من رواية المتَّفق على ضعفه: علي بن زيد بن جُدْعان (١). وبالله تعالى التوفيق. فصلٌ قالوا: وأما دليلكم الخامس: وهو حديث البخاري: إن النبي ﷺ مرَّ بقومٍ مِن أسلم (٢) ينتضلون .... الحديث، وفيه: "ارموا، وأنا معكم كلكم". فسبحان الله! ماذا يوجِبُ نصرة المذاهب والتقليد لأربابه من
(١) هو مختلَفٌ فيه، بين موثِّق وبين مضعِّف، وهو إلى الضعف أقرب، خاصَّة ما ينفرد به؛ وهو في الأصل صدوق. انظر تهذيب الكمال (٣٠/ ٤٣٤ - ٤٤٥). (٢) سقط من (ظ) (من أسلم)، والحديث تقدم (ص/ ١٦).

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