Al-FurūsiyyaIbn al-Qayyim

Section

  • A second group maintained that archery is superior to riding, that learning it is better than learning the latter, and that competing in it is preferable.

This faction argued their case on several grounds:

  1. Allah, exalted be He, mentioned archery before riding (1) when He said, “And prepare against them whatever force you can, and tethered horses” (al-Anfal 60). It is authentically reported from the Prophet that he explained “force” as archery (2), and the Arabs customarily begin their speech with what is more important and more deserving of priority.

    Sībawayh (3) said: “They (4) give precedence to whatever explanation is of greater importance to them, and to whose exposition they are more devoted, even though both matters concern and affect them.” This is his exact wording.

  2. Allah called archery “force,” abandoning its own term, yet He referred to tethered horses by name and did not replace it (5) with another expression—an indication of what archery contains of

(1) The phrase ʿala al-rukub (“while mounted”) is missing from the Mat. manuscript. (2) Its full source citation was provided above (p. 41). (3) Al-Kitab 1/15. The author’s full name is Abu Bishr ʿAmr ibn ʿUthman ibn Qanbar, the pre-eminent grammarian; he died in 180 AH. See Bughyat al-Wuʿat 2:229–230. (4) The Mat. manuscript reads: “as though they only advance.” (5) Supplied from the H. manuscript.
فصلٌ * وذهبت طائفة ثانية إلى أن الرمي أفضل من الركوب، وتعلُّمه أفضل من تعلُّمه، والسباق به أفضل. واحتجَّت هذه الفرقة بوجوه منها: أحدها: أنَّ الله تعالى قدَّم الرمي في الذِّكْر على الرُّكوب (١)، فقال: ﴿وَأَعِدُّوا لَهُمْ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ قُوَّةٍ وَمِنْ رِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ﴾ [الأنفال: ٦٠]. وثبت عن النبي ﵌ أنَّه فسَّر القوَّة: بالرمي (٢)، والعرب إنَّما تبدأ في كلامها بالأهمِّ والأولى. قال سيبويه (٣): "فإنهم (٤) يقدِّمون الذي بيانه أهم لهم، وهم ببيانِه أَعْنَى، وإنْ كانا جميعًا يهمانهم ويعنيانهم". هذا لفظه. الثاني: أنه سمَّى الرمي قوَّة، وعدل عن لفظه، وسمَّى رباط الخيل بلفظه، ولم يعدل عنه (٥) إلى غيره؛ إشارةً إلى ما في الرمي من
(١) سقط من (مط) (على الركوب). (٢) تقدم تخريجه (ص/ ٤١). (٣) في الكتاب (١/ ١٥)، واسمه: أبو بشر عمرو بن عثمان بن قنبر، إمام النحاة، توفي سنة ١٨٠ هـ. انظر: بغية الوعاة (٢/ ٢٢٩ - ٢٣٠). (٤) في (مط) (كأنهم إنما يقدمون). (٥) من (ح).

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