as one of the ṣifāt samʿiyya (scripturally transmitted attributes), even though Ibn Kullāb was branded an innovator (1) by the early generations and the leading scholars because of what he held concerning the Qur’an and his denial of the operative attributes that subsist in Allah’s essence. Although the Muʿtazilites were suppressed on that front, they began to hope and gather strength from another angle—your agreement with them on the fundamental principles of negation and taʿṭīl (divesting Allah of His attributes). This enticed their more distinguished members to adopt your school, for anyone who understands the very point on which you differ from the Muʿtazilites knows that everything (2) you have put forward is likewise false, even though the Muʿtazilite position is itself false. Thus corruption arose.
Second: When discerning scholars contemplate the reality of the position in which you openly oppose the Muʿtazilites, they find you either close to them or actually identical to them in meaning. Take, for example, the question of the Beatific Vision: you make a show of affirming the Vision and refuting the Muʿtazilites, yet you interpret it in a way the Muʿtazilites themselves would readily accept. Hence some of the eminent scholars said of al-Ashʿarī: “His view is the view of the Muʿtazilites; he merely shifted from frankness to equivocation.” (3)
The same applies to your stance on the Qur’an. When it became widely known among both elite and common people that the creed of the Salaf and the imams is that the Qur’an is the Speech of Allah, uncreated, and that they denounced the Jahmites, the Muʿtazilites, and others who claimed it was created—declaring them unbelievers—and when the imams patiently endured the ordeal imposed by the Jahmites during their period of dominance until Allah granted victory to the people of Sunnah (4) and extinguished the trial, you began to pose as refuters of the Muʿtazilites and supporters of the Sunnah and the jamāʿah, affiliating yourselves with the imams of the Sunnah in this matter, yet upon closer examination you are