16
Malik said, “It is inconceivable that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—should have taught his community how to perform istinjaʾ (ritual cleansing after relieving oneself) yet not have taught them tawḥīd (1). Tawḥīd is precisely what the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—declared:
‘I have been commanded to fight the people until they say, “There is no god but Allah.” When they say it, their lives and their wealth are protected from me, except for a right that is due, and their reckoning rests with Allah.’ (2)
Hence, whatever (3) renders blood and property inviolable is, in truth, (4) tawḥīd. This same report was transmitted (5) by (6) [Shaykh al-Islam] (7) Abū Ismāʿīl al-Anṣārī.
(1) In the chapters “Condemnation of Speech” and “Tawhid.”
(2) The phrase “So when they pronounce it, their blood and wealth are protected from Me except by right, and their reckoning is with Allah” does not appear in the chapter “Condemnation of Speech.” This hadith, in these exact words, was narrated by al-Tirmidhi on the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: “I have been commanded…” (Sunan al-Tirmidhi 5/439, Book of Quranic Exegesis, chapter 78, Exegesis of Surat al-Ghashiyah, hadith 3341). It was also recorded by al-Bukhari with a variation in wording in the Book of Faith, chapter “If they repent, establish prayer, and give zakah, then leave them to their affair” (1/11–12); in al-Zuhri’s al-Iʿtisam bil-Kitāb wa al-Sunnah under the verse “and their affair is [determined by] consultation among them” (8/162); and in Muslim’s Book of Faith, chapter “The command to fight people until they say ‘There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah’ and establish prayer” (1/51–53, ahadith 32–36).
(3) The text enclosed in quotation marks is an addition found in manuscripts S and T and in “Condemnation of Speech.” It had already appeared in S and T as the phrase “wa in kana,” which is meaningless.
(4) In the chapter “Condemnation of Speech”: the protection of wealth and blood here is to be understood in its literal sense.
(5) The word “saqita” is omitted in manuscript T.
(6) In the original version, after the word “dhalika” appears the term “al-idtirar,” taken from the seventh folio by Kharam; it was present in the original. The text is coherent with the addition confirmed in manuscripts S and T.
(7) The section enclosed in quotation marks is an addition from manuscripts S and T. In the original, one word is unreadable due to a tear.
مالك:
محال أن يظن بالنبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - أنه علم أمته الاستنجاء، ولم يعلمهم التوحيد، فالتوحيد
(١)
ما قاله النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم -:
"أمرت أن أقاتل الناس حتى يقولوا لا إله إلّا الله، فإذا قالوها عصموا مني دماءهم وأموالهم إلا بحقها، وحسابهم على الله"
(٢)
[فما]
(٣)
عصم به الدم والمال فهو حقيقة
(٤)
التوحيد.
وقد روى
(٥)
ذلك
(٦)
[شيخ الإسلام]
(٧)
أبو إسماعيل الأنصاري
(١) في ذم الكلام: والتوحيد.
(٢) قوله: (فإذا قالوها عصموا مني دماءهم وأموالهم إلا بحقها وحسابهم على الله) لم يرد في ذم الكلام.
والحديث بهذا اللفظ رواه الترمذي عن جابر - رضي الله عنه - قال: قال رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم -: "أمرت. . .
سنن الترمذي ٥/ ٤٣٩ كتاب تفسير القرآن- باب ٧٨ - تفسير سورة الغاشية - الحديث / ٣٣٤١.
وأخرجه البخاري مع اختلاف في الألفاظ في كتاب الإيمان- باب: فإن تابوا وأقاموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة فخلوا سبيلهم- ١/ ١١، ١٢.
وفي كتاب "الاعتصام بالكتاب والسنة" باب قول الله تعالى: {وَأَمْرُهُمْ شُورَى بَيْنَهُمْ} - ٨/ ١٦٢.
ومسلم -كتاب الإيمان- باب الأمر بقتال الناس حتى يقولوا: لا إله إلّا الله محمد رسول الله، ويقيموا الصلاة. . ١/ ٥١ - ٥٣ - الأحاديث / ٣٢ - ٣٦.
(٣) ما بين المعقوفتين زيادة من: س، ط، وذم الكلام. وقد سبق ذلك في: س، ط قوله: "وإن كان" ولا معنى لها.
(٤) في ذم الكلام: فما عصم به المال والدم حقيقة. .
(٥) وقد روى: ساقطة من: ط.
(٦) ظهر في صورة "الأصل" بعد قوله: ذلك. كلمة "الاضطرار" من الورقة السابعة لخرم كان موجودًا في الأصل. والكلام يستقيم بما أثبته من: س، ط.
(٧) ما بين المعقوفتين زيادة من: س، ط.
وفي الأصل كلمة غير مقروءة بسبب التمزق.