(On al-falsafiyya [“Philosophy”], p. 194) The extant work—mentioned in historical accounts—deals entirely with theology (ilahiyat) and some natural inquiries placed after theology in its arrangement. It appears to be a section of a philosophical kalam corpus that al-Razi called al-Matalib al-Aliya (The Sublime Demands). al-Razi composed most of it but stopped before the “Ethics” section, as death overtook him. For al-Matalib al-Aliya—its manuscript copies and their locations—see the previous source, pp. 95–96. Among those who referred to it are Ibn Khallikan in Wafayat al-A‘yan 4:249, Ibn Kathir in al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya 13:53, and Hajji Khalifa in Kashf al-Zunun 2:1714. He (Hajji Khalifa) states that its commentary was by ‘Abd al-Rahman, known as Jubbali Zadah. (1) The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) explains in his book Talbis al-Jahmiyya 1:130 that al-Razi, in his major work al-Matalib al-Aliya, presented the proofs of both parties advocating the universe’s origination (huduth al-‘alam), listing each side’s arguments without favoring either, and noting that the divine scriptures and transmitted proofs do not decide between them. See also the Shaykh’s remark on al-Razi’s admission of perplexity regarding this issue in Dar’ Ta‘arud al-‘Aql wa al-Naql 4:290. (2) In the margin of S: this is ‘Abd al-Hamid ibn ‘Isa al-Khusrashi. He is Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Hamid ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Umaybah ibn Yunus al-Khusrashi, nisba to Khusraw Shah of the villages of Tabriz. He was a jurist and mutakallim skilled in the rational sciences; he studied usul (principles of jurisprudence) and other subjects under Fakhr al-Razi. He went to al-Karak and resided with its ruler, al-Malik al-Nasir Dawud, who summoned him to teach, then returned to Damascus, where he remained until his death in 652 AH. See al-‘Ibar by al-Dhahabi 3:268–269; Tabaqat al-Shafi‘iyya by al-Subki 8:160–161; and al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya by Ibn Kathir 13:177. (3) He is Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad ibn ‘Umar—whose biography was given above—known as Ibn al-Khatib or Ibn Khatib al-Razi, because his father was the khatib of the mosque of Rayy.