Al-TisʿīniyyaIbn Taimiya

Fifty-sixth Point:

We say: Your claim that it is impossible for two sounds to come together in a single locus—a claim you have sought to prove by what is both observable and unobservable—is unfounded. It is well known that, in your view, the oneness of the Creator bears no resemblance (1) to the oneness of anything else; nor, according to you, is it of the same nature (2) as the oneness that belongs to physical bodies. Indeed, within the sensible realm you acknowledge that nothing is absolutely one in every respect except the indivisible atom, for those who affirm its existence (3). Yet after all this you still maintain that the simultaneous presence of two distinct sounds in one locus at the same moment is impossible, just as the concurrence of two colours is impossible, even though the only sensible entity to which such a conjunction could conceivably apply is a body (4)—and that would necessarily imply that the body itself is one.

We therefore reply: Granted that a body cannot accommodate two different sounds, just as it cannot contain a single meaning that is simultaneously a command, a prohibition, an informative statement, and a question, why did you not likewise assert that an entity which is one yet not a body could admit multiple sounds, just as you say that within it subsists one meaning comprising diverse realities?

Then, when you were asked, “How can this be rationally conceived?” you answered: “It is conceived by means of the very proof that establishes its pre-eternity (5) and precludes it from being composite or diverse, just as one conceives of a Speaker who is a single entity without parts.”

Yet it is manifest that, upon close examination, the evidences you present for the pre-eternity of speech make no distinction (6) between meanings and letters; the distinction you draw is merely an expedient introduced to exclude letters from that ruling.

(1) In the manuscript: yunasib. (2) In the manuscript and the printed edition: dhalika. (3) In the manuscript and the printed edition: walaysa. (4) In the manuscript: yu’rid. (5) In the manuscript and the printed edition: al-wajib. (6) In the original manuscript the reading is yufarriq; I have adopted from the printed edition what restores the coherence of the text.
الوجه السادس والخمسون: أن نقول: قولكم يستحيل اجتماع الصوتين في المحل الواحد، وأثبتم ذلك شاهدًا وغائبًا. ومن المعلوم أن وحدة الباري عندكم لا تناسب (١) وحدة غيره، وليس هذا (٢) عندكم كوحدة الأجسام، فليس (٣) عندكم في الشاهد ما هو واحد من كل وجه إلا الجوهر الفرد عند من يقول به، فقولكم بعد هذا يستحيل اجتماع الصوتين المختلفين في المحل الواحد وقتًا واحدًا، بهما يستحيل اجتماع اللونين مع أنه لا واحد يفرض (٤) ذلك فيه شاهدًا إلا الجسم، وذلك مستلزم لكون الجسم واحدًا، فيقال: هب أن الجسم لا يقبل اجتماع صوتين مختلفين، كما لا يقبل معنى واحدًا يكون أمرًا ونهيًا وخبرًا واستخبارًا، فهلا قلتم: إن الواحد الذي ليس بجسم يمكن اجتماع أصوات فيه، كما قلتم: إنه يقوم به معنى واحد هو حقائق مختلفة؟ فلما قيل لكم: كيف يعقل هذا؟ قلتم: يعقل ذلك بالدليل الموجب (٥) لقدمه المانع من كونه متغايرًا مختلفًا، كما يعقل متكلم هو شيء واحد ليس بذي أبعاض. ومعلوم أن الأدلة الدالة على قدم الكلام عند التحقيق لا تفرق (٦) بين المعاني والحروف، وإنما فرقتم لمعارض إخراج الحروف عن ذلك،
(١) في س: يناسب. (٢) في س، ط: ذلك. (٣) في س، ط: وليس. (٤) في س: يعرض. (٥) في س، ط: الواجب. (٦) في الأصل، س: يفرق. وأثبت ما يستقيم به الكلام من: ط.

Company

  • About
  • Pricing
  • Why Translate?

Support

  • Contact us
  • Report a bug
  • Support us
  • Donate
  • AI combat arena

Follow us

© 2026 Kutub. All rights reserved.
Terms and conditionsPrivacy policyCookies