Al-TisʿīniyyaIbn Taimiya

His Speech must therefore be a single meaning? Yet this very One, according to you and according to the great majority of those who affirm the attributes, is Himself described as possessing multiple attributes. The fact that He is one in His essence did not compel you to say that each of His attributes is one, so why should it, without any proof, compel you to claim that His Speech is one?

Forty-fifth angle: What you have stated in this reply you have cited either (1) to establish that the Speech is a single meaning, or to show that a single meaning can encompass diverse realities by analogy with the Described. [If it is meant to prove the first, that is no proof at all, for the mere fact that the Described is] (2) one (3) does not require (4) that His attribute be a single meaning; this is known by necessity and by consensus, and your opponent concedes it. Moreover, that fact does not even demonstrate the possibility of what you allege—as we shall clarify—for it does not (5) prove its actual existence, whose verification would be even more deserving and necessary. And if you adduced it (6) merely to show the possibility of the matter, then we say to you: not everything that is possible with respect to the Described is therefore possible with respect to the attribute, nor does every impossibility that pertains to the attribute necessarily pertain to the Described. This is well known. Thus, unless you demonstrate that the particular oneness you posit for the Described necessarily entails that His attribute can accommodate what you have asserted, what you have said is neither informative nor sound.

Forty-sixth angle: It may also be said to you: Your analogy between the oneness you affirm for the Speech and the oneness you affirm for the Speaker is an analogy of a thing to its opposite, not to its counterpart; for you have made

(1) In Manuscript S: “yadhkuruhu” (he mentions it). (2) In Manuscript S, the text between the parentheses is omitted. (3) In the original edition: “wahid” (one), which is incorrect; the correct reading is the one preserved in Manuscripts S and T. (4) In Manuscript T: “la yufid an takun” (it does not imply “to be”). (5) In Manuscript T: “fa’in man la” (for whoever does not). (6) In the original edition: “dhalik” (that). The wording that ensures coherence is the one attested in Manuscripts S and T.
كلامه معنى واحدًا؟ مع أن هذا الموصوف الواحد موصوف عندك وعند عامة المثبتة بصفات متعددة، فلم يلزم من وجدته في نفسه وحدة صفته، فلم لزم من وجدته وحدة كلامه بلا حجة؟ الوجه الخامس والأربعون: أن ما ذكرته في هذا الجواب إما أن تذكره (١) لإثبات كون الكلام معنى واحدًا أو لإمكان أن المعنى الواحد يكون حقائق مختلفة قياسًا على الموصوف [فإن كان لإثبات الأول فليس ذلك بحجة أصلًا إذ مجرد كون الموصوف] (٢) واحدًا (٣) لا يقوم أن يكون (٤) صفته معنى واحدًا، وهذا معلوم بالضرورة والاتفاق، وهو يسلم ذلك، وأيضًا فإن هذه الحقيقة لا تفيد إمكان ذلك -كما سنبينه- فإنه لا (٥) يفيد ثبوت ذلك، ووجوده أولى وأحرى، وإن كان ذكره (٦) لبيان إمكان ذلك، فيقال لك: ليس كل ما أمكن في الموصوف أمكن في الصفة، ولا كل ما يمتنع في الصفة - يمتنع في الموصوف وهذا معلوم، فإن لم يبين أنه يلزم من كون الموصوف واحدًا بهذه الوحدة التي أثبتها أن تكون صفته يمكن فيها ما أثبته لم يكن ما ذكرته كلامًا مفيدًا ولا قولًا سديدًا. الوجه السادس والأربعون: أن يقال لك: قياسك الوحدة التي أثبتها للكلام على الوحدة التي أثبتها للمتكلم قياس للشيء على ضده لا على نظيره، وذلك أنك جعلت
(١) في س: يذكره. (٢) ما بين المعقوفتين ساقط من: س. (٣) في الأصل: واحد. وهو خطأ. والمثبث من: س، ط. (٤) في ط: لا يفيد أن تكون. (٥) في ط: فإن من لا. (٦) في الأصل: ذلك. وأثبت ما يستقيم به الكلام من: س، ط.

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