that has a meaning, just as truth is a word that has a meaning; and if (1) it were a mere word with no meaning lodged in the soul, it would be no different from random sounds or meaningless utterances—yet that is not the case. Still, it may be said: This does not prevent it from belonging to the class of belief that includes both knowledge and compounded ignorance, for the one who believes something (2) contrary to its reality is undoubtedly not truly knowledgeable about it, even though he imagines (3) himself to be. Falsehood falls into that category, except that the liar knows his statement is false, whereas the person sunk in compounded ignorance does not realize that his belief is false. And it is evident that beliefs—whether they are (4) true or false, known or unknown—remain within the shared designation of belief and “inner assertion,” just as the descriptions of them as true, false, known, or unknown remain (5) words, expressions, and speech. Accordingly, just as the many kinds of verbal expressions are unified by vocal articulation, so the meaning we call belief, in all its forms, is unified by inward articulation—by the inner statement. The same applies to will or desire, whether it is a will for good or a will (6) for evil, whether its possessor is aware of the true nature and outcome of what he seeks (7) or ignorant of that outcome (6); none of this disqualifies it from sharing the single designation of will or desire.