he is answered, “Yes, for it is not Him.”
He then responds, “Whatever is other than Allah is created—and the term ghayr (other) in this second premise is valid only when it denotes something that is separate from Allah, exalted be He; in that case it is indeed created. Thus the word ghayr is employed in one premise with one meaning and in the other with a different meaning, owing to its ambiguity and polyvalence. For this reason Imam Aḥmad asked the man to clarify his intent.
When the man explained what he meant, Imam Aḥmad said, “This is the first statement: whenever you say, ‘It is created,’ you are saying that He fashioned something and then expressed Himself through it, while maintaining that He neither spoke nor speaks.”
He then refuted them with the Qur’anic proof that Allah will speak in the Hereafter when He addresses the messengers. Yet they persisted in denying speech of Him—past and future—interpreting it solely as the creation of speech in something other than Himself. At that point he declared, “You have uttered a monstrous slander against Allah (1) when you claimed that Allah, exalted be He, does not speak (2); you have likened Him to the idols that are worshipped besides Allah, for idols neither speak, nor move (3), nor shift from one place to another.”
This proof belongs to the category of a fortiori analogy (4) and is of the same nature as the parables that