some of what the Messenger said; hence, in many doctrinal questions it is permissible for a person (1) not to commit himself to either of the two opposing views—neither (2) affirming nor denying—when no report has reached him that the Messenger affirmed or denied the matter. In many such cases one may lawfully (3) remain silent about both standpoints when no Shar‘i proof makes adherence to either of them obligatory.
If, however, one of the two positions is precisely what the Messenger taught and the other is not, then to (4) keep silent about it and conceal it counts as hiding the clear proofs and guidance that Allah has revealed after making them evident to the people in the Book, and it is likewise a form of withholding the testimony (5) a servant owes to Allah. The reproach and curse recorded for concealing prophetic knowledge are so extensive that this passage (6) cannot encompass them.
Likewise, if one of the two views entails the very opposite of what the Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—reported, while the other contains no contradiction to him, it is impermissible to remain silent about both. Instead, the view that conflicts with the Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—must be rejected. For this reason the leading scholars censured the waqifah (7) on many occasions when disputes arose: some people spoke in accordance with the Sunnah,