—rather, whoever examines its rational proofs (1) will recognise their soundness.
But if someone were to say, “These are matters over which the Ummah has differed, each faction claiming that the truth is with it; therefore I shall simply imitate the one who maintains that his view is established by reason—before I have myself verified through reason the correctness of what he says,” no rational person would speak in this way. For reason, when faced with a point of contention, never prefers one opinion to another, or one claimant to another, except on the basis of evidence.
Sheer imitation of one of the disputants without proof is acceptable to neither sound reason nor religion. Accordingly, they have no right to permit anyone to make such a claim until he has grasped it together with its rational demonstrations. How, then, can they have made adherence to it a bare obligation while presenting no proof at all? Is this not the very height of contradiction and a subversion of both reason and religion? If merely declaring forbidden acts to be permissible places a person outside the bounds of the Sharia, what of the one who makes them obligatory and punishes for their omission—and how much worse (2) when the issue concerns beliefs, which are weightier than actions?
Sixth point: Even if we were to assume that taqlid in such matters were permissible—or even obligatory—it would apply only to those whose imitation is sanctioned in religion, namely the renowned imams whose guidance and learning the Muslims unanimously acknowledge. Yet none of those whom the Muslims are allowed to follow in the subsidiary rulings of their faith has ever advanced this doctrine. How, then, could they be followed (3) in the fundamentals of faith, which are far more consequential than its branches? Indeed, although a group affiliated with the four legal schools has adopted this view (4), not one of its proponents is among the recognised leading authorities of those schools—those whose opinions are actually relied upon by the other scholars of the madhhab—for the aṣḥāb al-wujūh, the acknowledged formulators of authoritative positions among the adherents