that the outright negation of the Creator—glorified be He—and the stripping away of His attributes of majesty and greatness. For this reason they produced numerous writings that refute falsehood and its proponents, clarify the truth, and urge adherence to it.
Ḥammād ibn Salamah (d. 167 AH) compiled his Kitāb al-Ṣifāt, (1) and he—may Allah have mercy on him—was severe with the innovators.
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Juʿfī (d. 229 AH) authored his Kitāb al-Ṣifāt wa-l-Radd ʿala al-Jahmiyyah, (2)
Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal (d. 241 AH) composed Kitāb al-Radd ʿala al-Jahmiyyah wal-Zanādiqah, (3)
ʿUthmān ibn Saʿīd al-Dārimī (d. 280 AH) wrote Kitāb al-Radd ʿala al-Jahmiyyah, (4)
Abu Bakr al-Khallāl (d. 311 AH) collected Kitāb al-Sunnah, (5)
Abu Shaykh al-Aṣbahānī (d. 369 AH) produced Kitāb al-Sunnah, (6)
Abu ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mandah (d. 395 AH) prepared Kitāb al-Radd ʿala al-Jahmiyyah, (7)
Abu al-Qāsim al-Lālikāʾī (d. 418 AH) authored Sharḥ Uṣūl Iʿtiqād Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah, (8)
and Abu ʿUmar al-Ṭalamankī (d. 429 AH) wrote Kitāb al-Sunnah. (9)