“al-Radd ‘ala al-Jahmiyya” and “al-Tawḥīd wa Ma‘rifat Asma’ Allāh ‘azza wa-jall wa Ṣifātih ‘alā al-Ittifāq wa al-Tafarrud,” among others. Born 31 AH; died 395 AH. References: Tabaqāt al-Ḥanābila – Ibn Abī Ya‘lā, 2/167; Tadhkirat al-Ḥuffāẓ – al-Dhahabī, 3/1031–1037; Lisān al-Mīzān – Ibn Ḥajar, 5/70–72; al-A‘lām – al-Zarkalī, 6/253. (1) Abu ‘Abd Allāh ‘Ubayd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥamdān al-‘Akbarī, known as Ibn Batta. A hadith scholar and leading Hanbali jurist, he authored numerous works, including: al-Ibānah al-Kubrā (addressing theological schools that diverged from the salaf’s doctrine); al-Sharḥ wa al-Ibānah ‘alā Uṣūl al-Sunnah wa al-Dīyānah wa Mujānabat al-Mukhalifīn wa Mubāyanat Ahl al-Aḥwāʾ al-Māriqīn (known as al-Ibānah al-Ṣughrā); al-Sunan; and others. Born 304 AH; died 387 AH. References: Tabaqāt al-Ḥanābila – Ibn Abī Ya‘lā, 2/144–153; al-Bidayah wa al-Nihāyah – Ibn Kathīr, 11/360; Shadhārāt al-Dhahab – Ibn al-‘Imād, 3/122–123; Hadīyyat al-‘Ārifīn – al-Baghdādī, 1/647; al-A‘lām – al-Zarkalī, 4/354. (2) His biography and some of his works were presented above (p. 155). (3) Abu ‘Umar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Lubb ibn Yaḥyá al-Ma‘āfirī al-Andalusī al-Ṭulmankī, al-ḥāfiẓ, imām, and reciter in Cordoba. A staunch opponent of innovations, he authored many works on the Sunnah that attest to his erudition and adherence to the transmitted reports, such as: al-Dalīl ilá Ma‘rifat al-Jalīl; al-Sunnah; Risālah fī Uṣūl al-Diyānāt; among others. Born 339 AH; died 429 AH. References: Siyar A‘lām al-Nubalāʾ – al-Dhahabī, 17/566–569; Tabaqāt al-Mufaṣṣirīn – al-Dāwūdī, 1/79–80; Shadhārāt al-Dhahab – Ibn al-‘Imād, 3/243–244; Ma‘jam al-Mu’allifīn – Kahḥālah, 2/123. (4) In the printed edition: ibtida‘t.