For the Messiah’s divinity can be known only if these scriptures are first shown to be sound, yet those scriptures can be authenticated only by proving that their authors were messengers of God, and that cannot be proved except by first proving that he himself is God. Thus establishing his divinity is made contingent upon establishing his divinity, and proving that they were messengers of God is made contingent upon proving that they were messengers of God—an impossible circular argument.

They may also claim the infallibility of the Disciples and of the church councils that succeeded them—such as the first council held in the presence of Constantine, attended by 318 participants, which drafted for them the “Creed” that stands as the Christians’ statement of faith and without which no Eucharistic offering is deemed valid. Accordingly, they assert that the Disciples