Al-Jawāb as-Sahīh li-man baddala dīn al-MasīhIbn Taimiya

He has already described the Torah as containing “light and guidance for mankind.” How, then, could the light be confined to the Gospel while excluding it? The Exalted says:

“Then We gave Moses the Scripture—perfected for the one who does good, a detailed explanation of everything, and a guidance and mercy—so that they might believe in the meeting with their Lord. – And this is a blessed Book that We have sent down, so follow it and be mindful [of Allah] that you may receive mercy – lest you say, ‘The Scripture was sent down only to two communities before us, and we were indeed unaware of their study.’” ⦗al-Anʿām: 154–156⦘

Thus He mentioned both the Torah and the Qur’an, and their statement, “The Scripture was sent down to two communities before us,” makes it clear that the term “Book” here is a generic noun embracing the Torah and the Gospel alike—just as He, exalted is He, says: “O People of the Book,” ⦗Āl ʿImrān: 64⦘; and as He, exalted is He, says: “The food of those who were given the Book is lawful for you, and your food is lawful for them, and [so too] the chaste women from the believers and the chaste women from those who were given the Book before you.” ⦗al-Māʾidah: 5⦘.

Here the singular term “the Book” is used, and it is obvious that “those who were given the Book before you” refers to both the Jews and the Christians; it is not restricted to the Christians alone, just as He said: “Lest you say, ‘The Scripture was sent down only to two communities before us.’” ⦗al-Anʿām: 156⦘.

وَقَدْ وَصَفَ التَّوْرَاةَ بِأَنَّ فِيهَا نُورًا وَهُدًى لِلنَّاسِ فَكَيْفَ يَجْعَلُ النُّورَ فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ دُونَهَا وَقَالَ - تَعَالَى -: {ثُمَّ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ تَمَامًا عَلَى الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ وَتَفْصِيلًا لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لَعَلَّهُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ - وَهَذَا كِتَابٌ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ مُبَارَكٌ فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَاتَّقُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ - أَنْ تَقُولُوا إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابُ عَلَى طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا وَإِنْ كُنَّا عَنْ دِرَاسَتِهِمْ لَغَافِلِينَ} [الأنعام: ١٥٤ - ١٥٦] فَقَدْ ذَكَرَ التَّوْرَاةَ وَالْقُرْآنَ، وَقَوْلُهُمْ أُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابُ عَلَى طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا فَبَيَّنَ أَنَّ الْكِتَابَ اسْمُ جِنْسٍ يَتَنَاوَلُ هُنَا التَّوْرَاةَ وَالْإِنْجِيلَ، كَقَوْلِهِ - تَعَالَى -: {يَاأَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ} [آل عمران: ٦٤] وَقَوْلِهِ - تَعَالَى -: {وَطَعَامُ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حِلٌّ لَكُمْ وَطَعَامُكُمْ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ} [المائدة: ٥] فَذَكَرَ الْكِتَابَ بِلَفْظِ الْمُنْفَرِدِ، وَمَعْلُومٌ أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ بِالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى لَا يَخْتَصُّ ذَلِكَ بِالنَّصَارَى ; كَمَا قَالَ: {أَنْ تَقُولُوا إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابُ عَلَى طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا} [الأنعام: ١٥٦] .

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