As for His words—exalted is He—
“and those who believe in what has been sent down to you and in what was sent down before you” ⦗2:4⦘,
this is a second description of those who, in general terms, believe in the unseen. He then portrayed them with a more detailed faith: their affirmation of what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you. The conjunction wa (“and”) may be used to distinguish between different entities, and it may be used to distinguish between different attributes, as in His saying:
“Glorify the Name of your Lord Most High,
who created and fashioned,
who ordained and guided,
who brings forth the pasture,
then turns it into withered, black stubble.” ⦗87:1–5⦘
The One who created and proportioned is the very One who determined and guided, and He is the One who brought forth the pasture. The same applies to His words—exalted be He—:
“If you were to ask them, ‘Who created the heavens and the earth?’ they would surely say, ‘The Almighty, the All-Knowing created them’—
He who made the earth a cradle for you
and placed in it pathways for you so that you might be guided,
and He who sends down water from the sky in due measure; by it We revive a lifeless land—thus shall you be brought forth—
and He who created every kind of pair
and made for you from ships and livestock that on which you ride.” ⦗43:9–12⦘
A similar instance is His saying:
“Successful indeed are the believers,
those who humble themselves in their prayer,
who turn away from idle talk,
who give the prescribed alms,
who guard their private parts—
except from their spouses or those whom their right hands possess, for they are not blameworthy;
but whoever seeks beyond that, such are the transgressors—
those who keep their trusts and covenants,
and who are diligent in their prayers—
these are the inheritors,
who will inherit Paradise; they will abide therein forever.” ⦗23:1–11⦘