Al-Jawāb as-Sahīh li-man baddala dīn al-Masīh - Ibn Taimiya - (2/278)

So if they had truly been among the God-fearing—much less that they themselves were the very epitome of God-fearing people—Allah would have been their Protector, and allegiance to them would have been obligatory upon the believers. Yet He has forbidden taking them as allies, has deemed anyone who sides with them a wrongdoer, and has made the believers allies of one another while the disbelievers are allies of one another. Accordingly, once Allah severed the bond of allegiance between the believers and the disbelievers,

the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said in an authentic hadith: “A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim.”

The Muslims are unanimously agreed that a Jew or a Christian cannot inherit from a Muslim, even if the deceased were his own son or father, for Allah has cut off the bond of allegiance between them. The Exalted has said:

“You will not find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day loving those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers, their sons, their brothers, or their kinsfolk. Those are the ones in whose hearts He has inscribed faith and whom He has strengthened with a spirit from Him.” [58:22]

He has also said: “those who believe in the unseen and establish prayer” [2:3].

فَلَوْ كَانُوا مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ فَضْلًا عَنْ أَنْ يَكُونُوا هُمُ الْمُتَّقِينَ لَكَانَ اللَّهُ وَلِيَّهُمْ وَلَكَانَتْ مُوَالَاتُهُمْ وَاجِبَةً عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَهُوَ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ مُوَالَاتِهِمْ وَجَعَلَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّاهُمْ ظَالِمًا وَجَعَلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْضَهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضٍ وَالْكُفَّارَ بَعْضَهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضٍ وَلِهَذَا لَمَّا قَطَعَ اللَّهُ الْمُوَالَاةَ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَبَيْنَ الْكَافِرِينَ. قَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ «لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ» . وَاتَّفَقَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى أَنَّ الْيَهُودِيَّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيَّ لَا يَرِثُ مُسْلِمًا وَلَوْ كَانَ ابْنَهُ وَأَبَاهُ ; لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَطَعَ الْمُوَالَاةَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَقَدْ قَالَ - تَعَالَى -: {لَا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُولَئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْإِيمَانَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ} [المجادلة: ٢٢] وَأَيْضًا فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ - تَعَالَى -: {الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ} [البقرة: ٣]