for the people in ignorance will be in the Fire.” This ḥadith was transmitted by Abū Dāwūd and others.

If someone who settles disputes among people concerning their property, lives, and honor is consigned to the Fire whenever he lacks knowledge and fairness, then what must be said of one who issues verdicts about religions and creeds, the fundamentals of faith, divine realities, and the great universal principles with neither knowledge nor justice? Such is the situation of the innovators and the followers of whims who fasten themselves to dubious, ambiguous texts while abandoning the clear, unequivocal passages