or Jesus, for the miracles that have been firmly established for Muhammad—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—are greater in number and more securely authenticated than any that have been established for anyone else. The accounts of his miracles have reached the level of recurrent mass transmission (tawātur) to a degree far surpassing the transmission of the miracles of Jesus and others. Hence, one cannot reasonably affirm those earlier signs while denying the signs granted to Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him.

If they retort, “The miracles of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, have not reached us through tawātur,” we answer: tawātur is not conditional upon its occurring within the confines of a particular sect. Otherwise, the idolaters, the Zoroastrians, and others could likewise claim, “The miracles of Moses and the Messiah, peace be upon them, have not come down to us by tawātur.” In reality, the reports about any person become recurrently mass-transmitted only among those who met the eyewitnesses, or met those who met them, and so on.

It is well known that the Companions of Muhammad—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—who saw him and conveyed his miracles were several times more numerous than the disciples of the Messiah, peace be upon him; the Followers who received those accounts from the Companions were likewise more numerous. Therefore, believing in the miracles of the Messiah logically entails believing in the miracles of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, while denying Muhammad’s miracles necessarily entails denying the Messiah’s miracles as well.

And if they say, “The Messiah’s prophethood was ascertained through the glad tidings proclaimed by the prophets before him,” we reply: The earlier scriptures contain prophecies about Muhammad—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—equal to, and in fact greater than, the prophecies they contain about the Messiah, some of which will be cited, God willing.