In another canonical reading the verb appears as fatathabbatu (then examine closely), and in the same verse Allah says: “Do not say to the one who offers you salām (peace), ‘You are not a believer,’ seeking the fleeting gains of this worldly life; with Allah there are abundant spoils. You yourselves were once the same, but Allah showed you His favor; so investigate.” ⦗Q 4:94⦘

Thus, He instructed them to enquire and verify in the context of jihad, and not to tell a person whose status is unknown, “You are not a believer,” in pursuit of some worldly benefit. Declaring him an unbeliever on no evidence would merely follow their own desire to appropriate his property—even if this takes place in enemy territory once he has offered surrender. In the alternative reading, “salām,” it may well be that he is a believer concealing his faith, just as you previously concealed yours. Therefore, when a Muslim greets you with salām, indicating that he is peaceable toward you and not an enemy, be cautious and investigate; do not kill him and do not seize his wealth until you have uncovered the truth of his case: is he speaking truthfully or falsely?