Section: Dispatching Letters and Envoys to the Kings of Persia

ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb fought the Magian Persians and conquered their lands, and thus the truth of the Prophet’s statement—peace and blessings be upon him—was made manifest. He had said:

"When Chosroes perishes, there will be no Chosroes after him; and when Caesar perishes, there will be no Caesar after him. By the One in whose hand is my soul, their treasuries shall most certainly be expended in the path of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic." ⁽Both Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī and Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim record this report.⁾

This took place after the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—had dispatched his envoy to the Magians and written a letter to Khosrow, king of Persia, just as he had written to the Christian monarchs, as previously mentioned with respect to Caesar and al-Muqawqis. The Christian rulers treated him with deference and humbled themselves before him, so their sovereignty was preserved. As for the king of Persia, he tore the letter apart, whereupon the Prophet prayed