are His signs and His blessings. This, then, proves that he did not learn these matters from his own people, and it highlights Allah’s favor upon all creation in granting them this knowledge.

The Exalted also says—after recounting the story of Joseph:
“That is from the tidings of the unseen which We reveal to you. You were not with them when they resolved upon their plan while they were scheming.” ⦗Yusuf 102⦘.

And He, Most High, says:
“Indeed, We gave Moses the Scripture after We had destroyed the former generations, as an insight for mankind, a guidance and a mercy, so that they might be reminded. You were not on the western side when We decreed the command to Moses, nor were you among the witnesses. But We produced generations after him, and long were their lifespans. Nor were you dwelling among the people of Midian, reciting Our revelations to them; rather, We were the Senders. And you were not at the side of the Mount when We called out—but it is out of mercy from your Lord.” ⦗al-Qasas 43–46⦘.

Thus—glorified be He—Allah negated the Prophet’s witnessing or presence at these unseen events, to make it clear that he related knowledge of the unseen which he had neither observed himself nor acquired through the reports of men. His own people knew nothing of these matters, and he had not associated with anyone outside them. Everyone familiar with his life is certain that he never learned any of this—neither from the People of the Book nor from those who had taken from them.

If, therefore, Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—reported the very same things that were reported