Al-Jawāb as-Sahīh li-man baddala dīn al-MasīhIbn Taimiya

He continued:

It has now become evident that the Nestorian claim—that Mary delivered the Messiah only with respect to His humanity and not with respect to His divinity—is false; what is sound is that Mary gave birth to one Christ who is God.

He further says:

They may be addressed as follows: If you maintain that the Messiah consists of two substances—one eternal and one originated—and you also assert that Mary gave birth to the Messiah, then you have admitted that Mary delivered both substances that together are the Messiah. Since she delivered them both and one of them is God, it follows that she gave birth to the eternal God. Yet no one can give birth to anything that was not first carried in the womb; therefore she must have carried that very God.

Thus the falsity of the Nestorian belief—that Mary neither carried nor bore God—is clear, while the Melkite position is affirmed: Mary gave birth to one God-Messiah, one Son, a single hypostasis.

It may be replied to him:

The contradiction in the Nestorian doctrine is no greater than the contradiction found among the Melkites. For although the Melkites say that the divinity and humanity are united and form a single person, they also maintain that one of the two used to eat, drink, fast, pray, and act, that he was seized, slapped, crowned with thorns, crucified, suffered, and died—while none of this befell the other.

Therefore, if the Nestorian statement is self-contradictory, the Melkite statement is even more so. If they forbid that a woman carry and give birth to the humanity without the divinity because of the union between them, they must with equal reason forbid that either of them eat, drink, be crucified, or be killed.

قَالَ: فَقَدْ تَبَيَّنَ زَائِفُ مَا تَعْتَقِدُهُ النُّسْطُورِيَّةُ مِنْ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ وَلَدَتِ الْمَسِيحَ مِنْ جِهَةِ نَاسُوتِهِ لَا مِنْ جِهَةِ لَاهُوتِهِ، وَصَحَّ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ وَلَدَتْ إِلَهًا مَسِيحًا وَاحِدًا. قَالَ: وَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: إِذَا زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ الْمَسِيحَ جَوْهَرَانِ، جَوْهَرٌ قَدِيمٌ وَجَوْهَرٌ مُحْدَثٌ، ثُمَّ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ وَلَدَتِ الْمَسِيحَ، فَقَدْ أَقْرَرْتُمْ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ وَلَدَتْ هَذَيْنِ الْجَوْهَرَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ هُمَا الْمَسِيحُ، وَإِذَا وَلَدَتْهُمَا وَأَحَدُهُمَا إِلَهٌ، فَقَدْ وَلَدَتْ إِلَهًا قَدِيمًا، وَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَلِدَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مَحْمُولًا، فَهَذَا يُوجِبُ أَنَّهَا قَدْ كَانَتْ حَامِلَةً لِذَلِكَ الْإِلَهِ. فَقَدْ تَبَيَّنَ زَائِفُ مَا تَعْتَقِدُهُ النُّسْطُورِيَّةُ، أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ لَمْ تَحْمِلْ إِلَهًا وَلَمْ تَلِدْهُ، وَصَحَّ مَا تَعْتَقِدُهُ الْمَلَكِيَّةُ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ وَلَدَتْ إِلَهًا مَسِيحًا وَاحِدًا وَابْنًا وَاحِدًا، أُقْنُومًا وَاحِدًا. فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: لَيْسَ هَذَا التَّنَاقُضُ مِنَ النُّسْطُورِيَّةِ بِأَعْظَمَ مِنْ تَنَاقُضِ الْمَلَكِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ - مَعَ قَوْلِهِمْ بِاتِّحَادِ اللَّاهُوتِ وَالنَّاسُوتِ، وَأَنَّهُمَا شَخْصٌ وَاحِدٌ - يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّ أَحَدَهُمَا كَانَ يَأْكُلُ وَيَشْرَبُ وَيَصُومُ وَيُصَلِّي وَيَتَصَرَّفُ، وَأَنَّهُ أُخِذِ وَصُفِعَ وَوُضِعَ الشَّوْكُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَصُلِبَ وَتَأَلَّمَ وَمَاتَ دُونَ الْآخَرِ. فَإِذَا كَانَ قَوْلُ النُّسْطُورِيَّةِ مُتَنَاقِضًا، فَقَوْلُ الْمَلَكِيَّةِ أَعْظَمُ تَنَاقُضًا، فَإِذَا مَنَعُوا أَنْ تَحْمِلَ الْمَرْأَةُ وَتَلِدَ النَّاسُوتَ دُونَ اللَّاهُوتِ لِأَجْلِ الِاتِّحَادِ الَّذِي بَيْنَهُمَا، وَجَبَ أَنْ يَمْنَعُوا أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَيَشْرَبَ وَيُصْلَبَ وَيُقْتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا

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