Al-Jawāb as-Sahīh li-man baddala dīn al-Masīh - Ibn Taimiya - (3/273)

Al-Jawāb as-Sahīh li-man baddala dīn al-MasīhIbn Taimiya

He, exalted is He, also said:

“You will not find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day loving those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their clan. Such are the ones in whose hearts He has inscribed faith and whom He has strengthened with a spirit from Him.” ⦗Al-Mujādilah 58:22⦘ (22)

He, exalted is He, said:

“And thus We have revealed to you a spirit of Our command; you knew neither the Scripture nor faith, but We made it a light by which We guide whom We will of Our servants.” ⦗Ash-Shūrā 42:52⦘ (52)

He, exalted is He, also said:

“He sends down the angels with the spirit of His command upon whom He wills of His servants, ‘Warn that there is no deity but I; so fear Me.’” ⦗An-Naḥl 16:2⦘ (2)

And He said:

“He casts the spirit of His command upon whom He wills of His servants so that he may warn of the Day of Meeting.” ⦗Ghāfir 40:15⦘ (15)

This spirit that He has revealed—and with which the angels descend upon whom He wills of His servants—is distinct from the Trustworthy Spirit who brings down the Book. Yet both are called “spirit,” and the two are inseparable: the spirit that the angel brings down, together with the Trustworthy Spirit—namely the Holy Spirit—may both be intended by the expression.

Both explanations are employed by the exegetes when interpreting His words about the Messiah, “and We supported him with the Holy Spirit.” No one has ever claimed that what is meant here is the life of Allah; neither the wording points to that, nor has the term ever been used in that sense.

{لَا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُولَئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْإِيمَانَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ} [المجادلة: ٢٢] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَكَذَلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ رُوحًا مِنْ أَمْرِنَا مَا كُنْتَ تَدْرِي مَا الْكِتَابُ وَلَا الْإِيمَانُ وَلَكِنْ جَعَلْنَاهُ نُورًا نَهْدِي بِهِ مَنْ نَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا} [الشورى: ٥٢] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُوا أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاتَّقُونِ} [النحل: ٢] . وَقَالَ: {يُلْقِي الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ لِيُنْذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلَاقِ} [غافر: ١٥] . فَهَذِهِ الرُّوحُ الَّتِي أَوْحَاهَا وَالَّتِي تَنْزِلُ بِهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ عَلَى مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ - غَيْرُ الرُّوحِ الْأَمِينِ الَّتِي تَنْزِلُ بِالْكِتَابِ، وَكِلَاهُمَا يُسَمَّى رُوحًا، وَهُمَا مُتَلَازِمَانِ؛ فَالرُّوحُ الَّتِي يَنْزِلُ بِهَا الْمَلَكُ مَعَ الرُّوحِ الْأَمِينِ الَّتِي يَنْزِلُ بِهَا رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ يُرَادُ بِهَا هَذَا وَهَذَا. وَبِكِلَا الْقَوْلَيْنِ فَسَّرَ الْمُفَسِّرُونَ قَوْلَهُ فِي الْمَسِيحِ وَأَيَّدْنَاهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ، وَلَمْ يَقُلْ أَحَدٌ إِنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِذَلِكَ حَيَاةُ اللَّهِ، وَلَا اللَّفْظَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَلَا اسْتُعْمِلَ فِيهِ.