Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/72)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

60 – Sixth: Abū Khālid Ḥakīm ibn Ḥizām – may Allah be pleased with him – related that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “The two parties to a sale remain at liberty (to confirm or annul the deal) so long as they have not yet separated. If they speak truthfully and make everything clear, their transaction will be blessed; but if they conceal and lie, the blessing of their sale will be effaced.” (1) Agreed upon.

5 – Chapter on Vigilance (murāqabah)

Allah the Exalted says: “He who sees you when you stand, and your movement among those who prostrate” (al-Shuʿarāʾ 219). He also says: “And He is with you wherever you may be” (al-Ḥadīd 4). And He says: “Nothing on earth nor in heaven is hidden from Allah” (Āl ʿImrān 5). And He says: “Surely your Lord is ever on the watch” (2) (al-Fajr 14). And He says: “He knows the furtive glance of the eyes and what the breasts conceal” (Ghāfir 19). Verses on this theme are many and well known.

As for the ḥadiths:

61 – First: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb – may Allah be pleased with him – reported: “While we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day, a man suddenly appeared whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black. No sign of travel showed upon him, yet none of us recognized him. He sat down before the Prophet ﷺ, placed his knees against the Prophet’s knees, rested his hands on his thighs, and said, ‘O Muḥammad, inform me about Islam.’ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, ‘Islam is that you bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish the prayer, pay the zakāt, fast during Ramaḍān, and perform ḥajj to the House if you are able to find a way to it.’ He said, ‘You have spoken the truth.’ We were astonished that he would question him and then confirm his answer, (3) and he said:

(1) In other words, the baraka (divine blessing) has vanished and they have gained nothing but fatigue. (2) That is, He keeps vigilant watch over the deeds of His servants; nothing escapes Him, and He will requite them for all of it. (3) The point of astonishment is that asking a question implies the inquirer is unaware, whereas affirming the answer implies he already knows. ʿUmar’s wonder disappeared when the Prophet said, “That was Jibril who came to teach you your religion.”

٦٠ - السادس : عن أبي خالد حكيم بن حزام رضي الله عنه قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « البَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا ، فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بَيْعِهِمَا ، وَإِنْ كَتَمَا وَكَذَبَا مُحِقَتْ بَرَكَةُ بَيْعِهِمَا » (١) متفق عليه . ٥ - باب المراقبة قال الله تعالى : ﴿ الَّذِي يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِي السَّاجِدِينَ ﴾ [ الشعراء : ٢١٩ ] . وقال تعالى : ﴿ وَهُوَ مَعَكُمْ أَيْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ ﴾ [ الحديد : ٤ ] وقال تعالى : ﴿ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ ﴾ [ آل عمران : ٥ ] وقال تعالى : ﴿ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ ﴾ (٢) [ الفجر : ١٤ ] وقال تعالى : ﴿ يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ ﴾ [ غافر : ١٩ ] والآيات في الباب كثيرة معلومة . وأما الأحاديث : ٦١ - فالأول : عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه قال : بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ ، إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ ، شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ ، لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ ، وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ ، حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ، فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ ، وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ : يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ : « الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ ، وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ ، وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ ، وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنْ أَسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا » . قَالَ : صَدَقْتَ . فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ(٣) ، قَالَ :

(١) أي ذهبت البركة ، ولم يحصلا إلا على التعب . (٢) أي : يرصد أعمال العباد لا يفوته منها شيء ثم يجازيهم عليها . (٣) وجه العجب أن السؤال يدل على عدم علم السائل ، والتصديق يدل على علمه ، وقد زال عجب عمر رضي الله عنه ، بقوله ﷺ : « فإنه جبريل أتاكم يعلمكم دينكم » .