Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/629)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

the pulpit and said, “I am going ahead of you as your forerunner (1), and I shall bear witness over you. Your appointed meeting-place is at the Basin, and I can see it from where I now stand. Mark my words: I do not fear that you will ever associate partners with Allah; rather, I fear for you that you will compete over this worldly life.” ʿUqbah said: “That was the last look I ever cast at the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” Agreed upon.

Another wording states: “Instead, I fear for you that you will vie for this world, fight one another, and be destroyed just as those before you were destroyed.” ʿUqbah added, “That was the last time I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ upon the pulpit.”

A third version reads: “I am your forerunner, and I shall testify over you. By Allah, I can see my Basin right now. I have been given the keys to the treasures of the earth—or the keys of the earth itself—and, by Allah, I do not fear that you will ever worship others alongside Allah after I am gone; what I fear for you is that you will compete for it.”

What is meant by the Prophet’s ṣalāh over the martyrs of Uhud is his supplication for them, not the formal ritual prayer (2).

1870 – Abū Zayd ʿAmr ibn Akhtab al-Anṣārī (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in the dawn prayer, then ascended the pulpit and addressed us until the time for Ẓuhr came in. He then descended, led the prayer, ascended the pulpit again and spoke until the time for ʿAṣr, descended and prayed, then mounted the pulpit once more and delivered a sermon until the sun had set. He informed us of everything that had occurred and everything that will occur, and the one who retained the most was the one who had the best memory among us. Reported by Muslim (3).

(1) With short-a vowels on the first two consonants (fa and ra) and with the emphatic t: it means “in advance of my community.” The verb farata yafrut—one is then called farat or farut—is used of a person who goes ahead of his people to look for water and prepare their buckets and ropes. (2) I note: That is how he phrased it, and by the stated negation he understood the funeral prayer (salat al-janaza). This interpretation is untenable, for al-Bukhari transmits a version that reads: “He then performed the prayer over the people of Uhud just as he prays over the deceased.” The same additional wording is found in Muslim and elsewhere. I have cited the hadith with all its supplementary variants from the Six Books and other collections in my work Ahkam al-Janai’z, pp. 82–83, Islamic Office edition. – N. (3) I add: He is referring to trials (fitan), as is shown by another hadith narrated by Hudhayfa—may Allah be pleased with him—recorded by

الْمِنْبَرِ فَقَالَ : « إِنِّي بَيْنَ أَيْدِيكُمْ فَرَطٌ (١) وَأَنَا شَهِيدٌ عَلَيْكُمْ وَإِنَّ مَوْعِدَكُمُ الْحَوْضُ ، وَإِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ مَقَامِي هَذَا ، أَلَا وَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تُشْرِكُوا ، وَلَكِنْ أَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمُ الدُّنْيَا أَنْ تَنَافَسُوهَا » قَالَ : فَكَانَتْ آخِرَ نَظْرَةٍ نَظَرْتُهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ . متفق عليه . وفي رواية : « وَلَكِنِّي أَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمُ الدُّنْيَا أَنْ تَنَافَسُوا فِيهَا ، وَتَقْتَتِلُوا فَتَهْلِكُوا كَمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ » . قَالَ عُقْبَةُ : فَكَانَ آخِرَ مَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ . وفي رواية قال : « إِنِّي فَرَطٌ لَكُمْ وَأَنَا شَهِيدٌ عَلَيْكُمْ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى حَوْضِي الْآنَ ، وَإِنِّي أُعْطِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ خَزَائِنِ الْأَرْضِ ، أَوْ مَفَاتِيحَ الْأَرْضِ ، وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تُشْرِكُوا بَعْدِي ، وَلَكِنْ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَنَافَسُوا فِيهَا » . وَالْمُرَادُ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى قَتْلَى أُحُدٍ : الدُّعَاءُ لَهُمْ ، لَا الصَّلَاةُ الْمَعْرُوفَةُ (٢) . ١٨٧٠ - وعن أبي زيد عمرو بن أخطب الأنصاري رضي الله عنه قال : صلى بنا رسول الله ﷺ الفجر ، وصعد المنبر ، فخطبنا حتى حضرت الظهر ، فنزل فصلى ، ثم صعد المنبر فخطبنا حتى حضرت العصر ، ثم نزل فصلى ، ثم صعد المنبر فخطبنا حتى غربت الشمس ، فأخبرنا بما كان وبما هو كائن ، فأعلمنا أحفظنا . رواه مسلم (٣) .

(١) بفتح الفاء والراء وبالطاء ، أي : بين أيدي أمتي ، يقال : فرط يفرط ، فهو فارط وفرط : إذا تقدم وسبق القوم ليرتاد لهم الماء . ويهيء لهم الدلاء والأرشية . (٢) « قلت : كذا قال ، ويعني بالنفي المذكور صلاة الجنازة ، وهو مردود ، ففي رواية للبخاري ، بلفظ : « فصلى على أهل أحد صلاته على الميت » ، وهذه الزيادة عند مسلم أيضا وغيره ، والحديث مخرج مع ضم الزيادات إليه من الكتب الستة وغيرها في كتابي « أحكام الجنائز » ( ص : ٨٢ - ٨٣ ) طبع المكتب الإسلامي » - ن - . (٣) « أقول : يعني من الفتن ، كما يدل عليه حديث آخر من رواية حذيفة رضي الله عنه ، أخرجه =