Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/610)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

this scroll. He then unrolled it, and it contained the prescribed age-categories of camels and some rulings on wounds, and within it was written:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Madinah is a sanctuary between ʿAyr (1) and Thawr. Whoever introduces in it an offence, or shelters an offender, is under the curse of Allah, the angels and all people; on the Day of Resurrection Allah will accept from him neither repentance nor ransom. The pledge (dhimmah) of the Muslims is one; the least of them may grant it on their behalf. Whoever betrays a Muslim’s pledge is under the curse of Allah, the angels and all people; on the Day of Resurrection Allah will accept from him neither repentance nor ransom. And whoever claims descent from anyone other than his father, or affiliates himself to other than his patrons, is under the curse of Allah, the angels and all people; on the Day of Resurrection Allah will accept from him neither repentance nor ransom.” Agreed upon.

“The pledge of the Muslims” means their covenant and security. “Betrays” (akhfarahu) means breaks that covenant. “Repentance” (ṣarf) has also been explained as “stratagem,” while “ransom” (ʿadl) is compensation.

1814 – Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, “No man who knowingly claims someone other than his father does so without thereby falling into disbelief; whoever claims what is not his is not of us, and let him take his seat in the Fire; and whoever calls a man ‘disbeliever,’ or says, ‘enemy of Allah,’ when that is not so, it will rebound upon him.” (2) Agreed upon. This is Muslim’s wording.

368 – Chapter: A warning against committing anything that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, or His Messenger ﷺ has forbidden

Allah the Exalted says: “Let those who oppose his command beware, lest a trial befall them, or a painful punishment overtake them.” [al-Nūr 63]

And He says: “Allah warns you …”

(1) ‘Ayr—pronounced with a fatha on the ‘ayn and a silent ya—refers to two reddish peaks: one lies to your right as you traverse the valley bed of al-‘Aqiq toward Mecca, while on your left rises Shawran, a mountain overlooking the dam, as noted in Muʿjam al-Buldan. Thawr, pronounced with a fatha on the tha and a silent waw, ending with a ra, is a mountain situated behind Mount Uhud. (2) That is, his own words recoiled upon him.

هَذِهِ الصَّحِيفَةِ، فَنَشَرَهَا فَإِذَا فِيهَا أَسْنَانُ الإِبِلِ، وَأَشْيَاءُ مِنَ الجِرَاحَاتِ، وَفِيهَا: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «المَدِينَةُ حَرَمٌ مَا بَيْنَ عَيْرٍ (١) إِلَى ثَوْرٍ، فَمَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِيهَا حَدَثًا، أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثًا، فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ، لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا. ذِمَّةُ المُسْلِمِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ، يَسْعَى بِهَا أَدْنَاهُمْ، فَمَنْ أَخْفَرَ مُسْلِمًا، فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ، لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا. وَمَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ، أَوِ انْتَمَى إِلَى غَيْرِ مَوَالِيهِ، فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ؛ لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. «ذِمَّةُ المُسْلِمِينَ» أَيْ: عَهْدُهُمْ وَأَمَانَتُهُمْ. «وَأَخْفَرَهُ»: نَقْضُ عَهْدِهِ. «وَالصَّرْفُ»: التَّوْبَةُ، وَقِيلَ الحِيلَةُ. «وَالعَدْلُ» الفِدَاءُ. ١٨١٤ - وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، يَقُولُ: «لَيْسَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى لِغَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا كَفَرَ، وَمَنِ ادَّعَى مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ، فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا، وَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَمَنْ دَعَا رَجُلًا بِالكُفْرِ، أَوْ قَالَ: عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ، وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ إِلَّا حَارَ عَلَيْهِ» (٢)، مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وَهَذَا لَفْظُ رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِمٍ. ٣٦٨ - بَابُ التَّحْذِيرِ مِنَ ارْتِكَابِ مَا نَهَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَوْ رَسُولُهُ ﷺ عَنْهُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَلْيَحْذَرِ الَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ تُصِيبَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ أَوْ يُصِيبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ [سورة النور الآية: ٦٣]. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَيُحَذِّرُكُمُ اللَّهُ

(١) بفتح العين وسكون الياء: جبلان أحمران من عن يمينك وأنت في بطن العقيق تريد مكة، ومن عن يسارك (شوران) وهو: جبل مطل على السد. كما في «معجم البلدان». و(ثور) بفتح الثاء وسكون الواو آخره راء: جبل وراء جبل أحد. (٢) أي: رجع عليه قوله.