Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

In another narration he said, “This is one of the garments of the unbelievers, so do not wear it.” Reported by Muslim.

366 – Chapter: The prohibition of remaining silent for an entire day until nightfall

1809 – ʿAlī (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I memorised from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, “There is no orphanhood after puberty, and no silent-fast (1) for a whole day until night.” Reported by Abū Dāwūd with a sound chain.

Al-Khaṭṭābī explained: Among the pre-Islamic acts of devotion was the vow of total silence. In Islam they were forbidden from that practice and were commanded to remember Allah and to speak good words.

1810 – Qays ibn Abī Ḥāzim narrated: Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (may Allah be pleased with him) entered upon a woman of the Ahmas clan named Zaynab and noticed that she was not speaking. He asked, “Why is she not talking?” They replied, “She performed Hajj while vowing silence.” He said to her, “Speak, for this is not lawful; it is a practice of the pre-Islamic period.” So she spoke. Reported by al-Bukhārī.

367 – Chapter: The prohibition of attributing oneself to anyone other than one’s father, or affiliating oneself to other than one’s patrons

1811 – Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Whoever knowingly claims to be the son of someone other than his (real) father, Paradise is forbidden to him.” Agreed upon.

1812 – Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Do not disown your fathers; whoever disowns his father commits disbelief.” Agreed upon.

1813 – Yazīd ibn Sharīk ibn Ṭāriq said: I saw ʿAlī (may Allah be pleased with him) on the pulpit giving a sermon, and I heard him say, “No, by Allah, we have no book that we read except the Book of Allah, and what is in…"

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(1) Here, “silent-fast” (ṣamāt) refers to a vow of total silence for religious purposes, a practice abolished in Islam.
(2) “Claims” (iddaʿā): to attribute oneself falsely.

(1) Meaning: remaining silent for an entire day until nightfall. (2) With the dal doubled (geminated), i.e., he claimed affiliation by lineage.
وفي رواية ، فقال : « إِنَّ هَذَا مِنْ ثِيَابِ الْكُفَّارِ فَلَا تَلْبَسْهَا » رواه مسلم . ٣٦٦ - باب النهي عن صمت يوم إلى الليل ١٨٠٩ - عن علي رضي الله عنه قال : حَفِظْتُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ : « لَا يُتَمَّ بَعْدَ احْتِلَامٍ ، وَلَا صُمَاتِ (١) يَوْمٍ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ » رواه أبو داود بإسناد حسن . قال الخطابي في تفسير هذا الحديث : كَانَ مِنْ نُسُكِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الصُّمَاتُ . فَنُوهُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرُوا بِالذِّكْرِ وَالْحَدِيثِ بِالْخَيْرِ . ١٨١٠ - وعن قيس بن أبي حازم قال : دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أَحْمَسَ يُقَالُ لَهَا : زَيْنَبُ ، فَرَآهَا لَا تَتَكَلَّمُ . فَقَالَ : مَا لَهَا لَا تَتَكَلَّمُ ؟ فَقَالُوا : حَجَّتْ مُصْمِتَةً ، فَقَالَ لَهَا : تَكَلَّمِي ، فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَا يَحِلُّ ، هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، فَتَكَلَّمَتْ . رواه البخاري . ٣٦٧ - باب تحريم انتساب الإنسان إلى غير أبيه وتوليه إلى غير مواليه ١٨١١ - عن سعد بن أبي وقاص رضي الله عنه ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ ، قَالَ : « مَنْ ادَّعَى (٢) إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ أَبِيهِ ، فَالْجَنَّةُ عَلَيْهِ حَرَامٌ » متفق عليه . ١٨١٢ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ، قَالَ : « لَا تَرْغَبُوا عَنْ آبَائِكُمْ ، فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، فَهُوَ كُفْرٌ » متفق عليه . ١٨١٣ - وعن يزيد بن شريك بن طارق قال : رَأَيْتُ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَخْطُبُ ، فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ : لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا عِنْدَنَا مِنْ كِتَابٍ نَقْرَؤُهُ إِلَّا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ ، وَمَا فِي
(١) أي : سكوت يوم إلى الليل . (٢) بتشديد الدال ، أي : انتسب .

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