Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/601)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

355 – Chapter: The prohibition of a town-dweller’s selling on behalf of a Bedouin, of intercepting caravans on the road, of selling over one’s brother’s sale, and of proposing over his proposal—unless permission is granted or the first party withdraws.

1784 – Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade a town-dweller(1) to sell on behalf of a Bedouin, even if the Bedouin were his full brother. Agreed upon.

1785 – Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Do not go out to meet merchandise before it has been brought down into the markets.” Agreed upon.

1786 – Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared, “Do not intercept the caravans, and let no town-dweller sell on behalf of a Bedouin.” Tāwūs asked him, “What does his statement, ‘no town-dweller should sell for a Bedouin,’ mean?” He replied, “He must not act as his broker(2).” Agreed upon.

1787 – Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade a town-dweller to sell for a Bedouin, forbade najsh(3), forbade a man to sell over his brother’s sale, to propose over his brother’s proposal, and for a woman to ask for the divorce of her sister-wife so that she may overturn what is in her vessel(4).

In another wording he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited intercepting caravans, an emigrant’s buying on behalf of a Bedouin, a woman’s stipulating the divorce of her sister, a man’s bidding against his brother’s bid, and he forbade najsh and tassriya(5). Agreed upon.

1788 – Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “No one is to sell…"

(1) The term hadr denotes the townsman, while al-baadi refers to the villager. The townsman must not act as the villager’s broker—as clarified in the forthcoming hadith of Ibn Abbas—because he would sell the goods at an inflated price. The prohibition, as al-Mirqat notes, aims to keep legitimate avenues of profit open to ordinary traders. (2) That is, as a dallaal (commission broker). (3) Najsh is the practice of artificially raising a commodity’s price in order to mislead other buyers. (4) The wording is a euphemism for marrying her to him in place of her sister in faith. (5) Tasriyah is the deceitful practice of withholding the milking of an animal so that the accumulated milk in its udder makes it appear more productive to a prospective buyer.

٣٥٥ - باب تحريم بيع الحاضر للبادي وتلقي الركبان والبيع على بيع أخيه والخطبة على خطبته إلا أن يأذن أو يرد ١٧٨٤ - عن أنس رضي الله عنه قال : نهى رسول الله ﷺ ، أن يبيع حاضر(١) لِبَادٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَخَاهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ . متفق عليه . ١٧٨٥ - وعن ابن عمر قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « لَا تَتَلَقَّوْا السِّلَعَ حَتَّى يُهْبِطَ بِهَا إِلَى الْأَسْوَاقِ » متفق عليه . ١٧٨٦ - وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « لَا تَتَلَقَّوْا الرُّكْبَانَ ، وَلَا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ » فَقَالَ لَهُ طَاوُسٌ : مَا قَوْلُهُ : لَا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ؟ قال : لَا يَكُونُ لَهُ سِمْسَاراً(٢) متفق عليه . ١٧٨٧ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال : نهى رسول الله ﷺ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلَا تَنَاجَشُوا(٣) وَلَا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلَا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلَا تَسْأَلُ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلَاقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَكْفَأَ مَا فِي إِنَائِهَا(٤) . وفي رواية قال : نهى رسول الله ﷺ ، عَنِ التَّلَقِّي ، وَأَنْ يَبْتَاعَ الْمُهَاجِرُ لِلْأَعْرَابِيِّ ، وَأَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلَاقَ أُخْتِهَا ، وَأَنْ يَسْتَامَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ ، وَنَهَى عَنِ النَّجَشِ وَالتَّصْرِيَةِ(٥) . متفق عليه . ١٧٨٨ - وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ : « لَا يَبِعْ

(١) أي : بلدي (الباد) أي : القروي ، أي لا يكون له سمساراً كما في حديث ابن عباس الآتي ، لأنه يبيع له بالسعر الغالي . وإنما نهى عنه لأن فيه سدّ باب المرافق على ذوي البياعات كما في « المرقاة » . (٢) أي : دلالاً . (٣) النجش : الزيادة في ثمن السلعة ليخدع غيره . (٤) هذا كناية عن زواجها به بدل أختها في الإسلام . (٥) التصرية : ترك حلب الدابة ليجتمع اللبن في ضرعها غشاً وخديعة .