the statement of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Indeed, those who trade on Allah’s covenant and their oaths for a paltry gain…”—to the end of verse 77 of Sūrah Āl ʿImrān. Agreed upon.

1722 – Abu Umāmah Iyās ibn Thalabah al-Hārithī, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever, by means of an oath, unlawfully seizes the right of a Muslim, Allah has decreed the Fire for him and made Paradise forbidden to him.” A man asked, “Even if it is something trivial, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied, “Even if it is only an arak twig.” Narrated by Muslim.

1723 – ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ, may Allah be pleased with them both, related that the Prophet ﷺ said, “The major sins are: associating partners with Allah, disobedience to parents, murder, and the yamin al-ghamūs (the plunging perjury).” Narrated by al-Bukhārī.

In another of his narrations it is stated that a Bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, “O Messenger of Allah, what are the major sins?” He replied, “Associating partners with Allah.” The man asked, “Then what?” He answered, “The yamin al-ghamūs.” I (1) asked, “And what is the yamin al-ghamūs?” He said, “It is when a person, by a lying oath, seizes the property of a Muslim.”

316 – Chapter: The recommendation that if someone swears an oath and then sees that something else is better, he should do what is better and make expiation for his oath.

1724 – ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Samurah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ told me, “If you swear an oath and then see something else that is better than it, do the better thing and offer expiation for your oath.” Agreed upon.

1725 – Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever swears …”