Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/541)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

as he alleges.’ Reported by al-Bukhārī.

1569 – Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “When two people hurl insults at one another, whatever they say(1) rests upon the one who began, unless the wronged party oversteps the limits.” Reported by Muslim.

1570 – He also reported: A man who had drunk wine(2) was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said, “Beat him.” Abu Hurayrah continued, “Some of us struck him with our hands, some with their sandals, and some with their garments. When he had gone away, some of the people said, ‘May Allah disgrace you!’ The Prophet replied, ‘Do not say that; do not assist Satan against him.’(3)” Reported by al-Bukhārī.

1571 – He further said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say, ‘Whoever accuses his slave of fornication, the legal punishment will be carried out upon him on the Day of Resurrection, unless the slave is as he claimed.’” Agreed upon.

267 – Chapter: The prohibition of cursing the dead without right or a legitimate religious benefit

The exception is when doing so serves to warn others against imitating the deceased in his innovation, wickedness, or the like. The verse and the aḥadīth cited in the preceding chapter apply here as well.

1572 – ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Do not curse the dead, for they have already reached(4) the outcome of what they sent ahead.” Reported by al-Bukhārī.

(1) The word refers to sabb (verbal abuse) and functions as the subject, while the clause “fa ‘ala al-baadi minhuma” (“the initiator among them bears the blame”) is its predicate. The Prophet’s phrase “hatta ya‘tadi al-mazlum” means that the wronged party goes beyond the bounds of legitimate retaliation. (2) That is, wine. (3) Satan adorns the sin so that the sinner may be disgraced; when people invoke disgrace upon him, they are in fact achieving Satan’s objective. (4) In other words, the deceased have already reached the recompense of what they sent ahead, so cursing them serves no purpose.

صَاحِبُهُ كَذَلِكَ » رواه البخاري . ١٥٦٩ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه ، أن رسول الله ﷺ قال : « الْمُتَسَابَّانِ مَا قَالَا(١) فَعَلَى الْبَادِي مِنْهُمَا حَتَّى يَعْتَدِيَ الْمَظْلُومُ » رواه مسلم . ١٥٧٠ - وعنه قال : أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ، بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ شَرِبَ(٢) قال : « اضْرِبُوهُ » قال أبو هريرة : فَمِنَّا الضَّارِبُ بِيَدِهِ ، وَالضَّارِبُ بِنَعْلِهِ ، وَالضَّارِبُ بِثَوْبِهِ . فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ ، قَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ : أَخْزَاكَ اللَّهُ ؛ قَالَ : « لَا تَقُولُوا هَذَا ، لَا تُعِينُوا عَلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانَ » (٣) رواه البخاري . ١٥٧١ - وعنه قال : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ : « مَنْ قَذَفَ مَمْلُوكَهُ بِالزِّنَى يُقَامُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ كَمَا قَالَ » متفق عليه . ٢٦٧ - باب تحريم سب الأموات بغير حق ومصلحة شرعية وَهِيَ التَّحْذِيرُ مِنَ الِاقْتِدَاءِ بِهِ فِي بِدْعَتِهِ ، وَفِسْقِهِ ، وَنَحْوِ ذَلِكَ ؛ وَفِيهِ الْآيَةُ وَالْأَحَادِيثُ السَّابِقَةُ فِي الْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ . ١٥٧٢ - وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ : « لَا تَسُبُّوا الْأَمْوَاتَ ، فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَفْضَوْا (٤) إِلَى مَا قَدَّمُوا » رواه البخاري .

(١) أي : من السب وهو مبتدأ ، خبره : (فعلى البادي منهما) وقوله ﷺ : « حتى يعتدي المظلوم » أي : يتجاوز حد الانتصار . (٢) أي : الخمر . (٣) وذلك أن الشيطان يريد بتزيينه المعصية له حصول الخزي ، فإذا دعوا عليه بالخزي ، فكأنهم حصلوا مقصود الشيطان . (٤) أي : وصلوا (إلى ما قدموا) من عمل ، فلا فائدة من سبهم .