Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/536)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

and the scholars have cited as evidence for the permissibility of lying in this case the ḥadith of Umm Kulthūm (may Allah be pleased with her) who said that she heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say, “He is not a liar who reconciles between people, conveying good (1) or saying good.” Agreed upon.

Muslim added in another version: Umm Kulthūm said, “I never heard him grant a concession in anything people say except in three matters: warfare, reconciliation between people, and what a man says to his wife or a wife to her husband.” (2)

262 – Chapter: The exhortation to verify what one says and relates

Allah the Exalted says: “And do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge.” [al-Isrāʾ 17:36] He also says: “No word does he utter but that with him is an observer ready [to record].” [Qāf 50:18]

1555 – Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “It is sufficient falsehood for a person to relate everything he hears.” Narrated by Muslim.

1556 – Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Whoever relates a ḥadith from me while thinking it is false is one of the two liars.” Narrated by Muslim.

1557 – Asmāʾ (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that a woman said, “Messenger of Allah, I have a co-wife; is it sinful for me to claim from my husband what he has not actually given me?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Whoever pretends to have been given what he has not been given is like one who wears two garments of falsehood.” Agreed upon.

“The mutashabbiʿ” is the person who shows himself as full while he is not full. What it means here is that he displays—

(1) That is, he conveys something good. (2) This hadith has already appeared above under no. 254. (3) The term designates a co-wife; its plural, formed irregularly, is darraat, and the alternative plural darair is also attested. Ibn al-Athir remarks that darair denotes things that are at odds with one another, just as co-wives seldom agree. The word al-junah—pronounced with a u-sound on the letter jim—means “sin.”

وَاسْتَدَلَّ العُلَمَاءُ بِجَوَازِ الكَذِبِ فِي هَذَا الحَالِ بِحَدِيثِ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ، يَقُولُ : « لَيْسَ الكَذَّابُ الَّذِي يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ ، فَيَنْمِي خَيْرًا (١) أَوْ يَقُولُ خَيْرًا » متفق عليه . زاد مسلم في رواية : قالت أم كلثوم : « وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ يُرَخِّصُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ إِلَّا فِي ثَلَاثٍ ، تَعْنِي : الْحَرْبَ ، وَالْإِصْلَاحَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ ، وَحَدِيثَ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَهُ ، وَحَدِيثَ الْمَرْأَةِ زَوْجَهَا » (٢) . ٢٦٢ - باب الحث على التثبت فيما يقوله ويحكيه قال الله تعالى : ﴿وَلَا تَقْفُ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ﴾ [سورة الإسراء الآية : ٣٦] وقال تعالى : ﴿مَا يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ﴾ [سورة ق الآية : ١٨] . ١٥٥٥ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه ، أنَّ النبي ﷺ قال : « كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ » رواه مسلم . ١٥٥٦ - وعن سمرة رضي الله عنه قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « مَنْ حَدَّثَ عَنِّي بِحَدِيثٍ يَرَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبِينَ » رواه مسلم . ١٥٥٧ - وعن أسماء رضي الله عنها أن امرأة قالت : يا رسول الله إن لي ضَرَّةً (٣) فهل علي جناح إن تشبعت من زوجي غير الذي يعطيني ؟ فقال النبي ﷺ : « الْمُتَشَبِّعُ بِمَا لَمْ يُعْطَ كَلَابِسِ ثَوْبَيْ زُورٍ » متفق عليه . « وَالْمُتَشَبِّعُ » هُوَ الَّذِي يُظْهِرُ الشِّبَعَ وَلَيْسَ بِشَبْعَانَ . وَمَعْنَاهُ هُنَا : أَنْ يُظْهِرَ

(١) أي : يبلغ خيراً . (٢) سبق الحديث برقم (٢٥٤) . (٣) هي : امرأة الزوج ، والجمع ضرات على غير قياس ، وسمع (ضرائر) . قال ابن الأثير : الضرائر الأمور المختلفة ، كضرائر النساء لا يتفقن . (والجناح) بضم الجيم : الإثم .